Differential Expression of Murine Acute Phase Genes and Saa3 Expression Levels after Exposure to Different Nanomaterials and at Different Time Points
| Post Exposure Day | 1 | 3 | 28 | Ref | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dose/Animal | 18 µg | 54 µg | 162 µg | 18 µg | 54 µg | 162 µg | 18 µg | 54 µg | 162 µg | |
| TiO2 nanoparticles | ||||||||||
| N acute phase genes1 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 28 |
| Fold increase of Saa3 mRNA2 | 1.8 | 87 | 368 | 1.1 | 2.6 | 19 | 1 | 1.8 | 5.5 | 11 |
| Carbon Black nanoparticles | ||||||||||
| N acute phase genes1 | 0 | 7 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 42 |
| Fold increase of Saa3 mRNA2 | 63 | 237 | 294 | 8.3 | 24 | 51 | 1.1 | 5 | 22 | 11 |
| Multiwalled Carbon nanotubes | ||||||||||
| N acute phase genes1 | 5 | 5 | 10 | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1 | ND | 35 |
| Fold increase of Saa3 mRNA2 | 52 | 151 | 95 | 39 | 152 | 612 | 7.9 | 29 | 88 | 11 |
ND, not determined.
Table 1The number of differentially expressed acute phase genes as observed in DNA microarray. Murine acute phase genes were identified through the Gene category on NCBI. The following genes were included: ACADM, AHSG, ANGPTL4, APEX1, CD163, CREB3L3, CRP, CSF3, EPO, ESRRA, F2, F8, FGF21, FN2, HAMP, HNF4A, HP, IL1RN, IL22, IL6, IL6ST, INS2, ITIH4, LBP, LCN2, MRGPRA3, NR1H4, NR5A2, ORM1, ORM2, PRLR, REG3A, REG3B, REG3G, RELA, SEPP1, SERPINA1B, SERPINA3N, SERPINF2, SIGIRR, SIM2, SMAD3, STAT3, STAT5B, SULT2A1, SAA1, SAA2, SAA3, SAA4, SAAL3, TSC2, and VIMP. Genes with a fold change ± 1.5 and FDR P-values ≤ 0.05 were considered as differentially expressed.
Table 2Fold increase of mRNA Saa3 was determined using qRT-PCR. Saa3 levels were normalized to 18S levels.