Table 1.
Effect of Vaginal Products on Select Semen Exposure Biomarker Assays In Vitro
| Product (manufacturer) – main ingredient(s) | Type | Semen biomarker assays
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PSA
|
Yc-DNA
|
|||
| ABAcarda | Total PSAb | Real-time PCR | ||
| K–Y Jelly | Lubricant | Not recommended | Caution | Caution |
| (Johnson & Johnson) – hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) | ||||
| Astroglide | Lubricant | Not recommended | No known problems | Not recommended |
| (BioFilm, Inc) – glycerin and propylene glycol | ||||
| Silicorel | Medical grade lubricant | Not tested | No known problems | No known problems |
| (Formulated at Eastern Virginia Medical School [EVMS]) – polydimethylsiloxane (silicone based) | ||||
| Surgilube | Medical grade sterile lubricant | Not recommended | Not tested | Not tested |
| (Fougera) – Chlorexidine gluconate and water soluble gums | ||||
| CMC | Ingredient in lubricants | No known problems | Caution | No known problems |
| Formulated at EVMS – carboxymethylcellulose | ||||
| Replens | Vaginal moisturizer | No known problems | Not recommended | Not recommended |
| (LDS Consumer Products) – polycarbofil | ||||
| Carbopol | Main ingredient of Replens | Not tested | Not recommended | Not recommended |
| Formulated at EVMS – polycarbofil (acrylic polymer) | ||||
| Gynol 2 | Spermicide | Not recommended | Caution | Caution |
| (Ortho) – 2% nonoxynol 9 in propylene glycol | ||||
| N9 | Spermicide | No known problems | No known problems | No known problems |
| (Formulated at EVMS) – 2% nonoxynol 9 in saline | ||||
| HEC | Placeboc | Not recommended | No known problems | Caution |
| (ReProtect) – 2.5% hydroxyethylcellulose | ||||
| TFV | Microbicide | Not recommended | No known problems | Caution |
| (Gilead Sciences) – 1% tenofovir with 2.5% hydroxyethylcellulos | ||||
| UC781 | Microbicide | Not recommended | Not recommended | Caution |
| (Cellegy Pharmaceuticals) – 0.1% in methycellulose and carbomer 974P | ||||
a
Key: Not recommended, product substantially interfered; Caution is warranted, product slightly interfered; No known problems, product did not interfere; Not tested, product was not tested.
b
For the Abbott Architect system.
c
Used in microbicide trials.
PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; Yc-DNA, Y chromosome DNA.