Table 1. Baseline Characteristics.
| Baseline Characteristics | Recovery Support Sample (N = 202) | Matched Comparison Sample (N = 404) | Effect Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female (%) | 26% | 31% | -0.13 |
| Race | |||
| African American | 6% | 12% | -0.21 |
| Caucasian | 56% | 45% | 0.22 |
| Hispanic | 23% | 22% | 0.04 |
| Mixed/Other | 14% | 21% | -0.18 |
| Age (Mean [SD]) | 16.0 [1.2] | 15.9 [1.3] | -0.11 |
| Single Parent | 55% | 51% | 0.07 |
| School | |||
| In School | 70% | 81% | -0.24 |
| Behind < 1 year | 58% | 57% | 0.01 |
| Expelled or Dropped out | 42% | 43% | -0.03 |
| Employeda | 19% | 18% | 0.01 |
| Illegal Activity | |||
| Any Illegal activityb | 80% | 79% | 0.02 |
| Any property crimeb | 69% | 64% | 0.11 |
| Any interpersonal crimeb | 54% | 52% | 0.04 |
| Any drug crimeb | 58% | 57% | 0.01 |
| Delinquency Level | |||
| None | 4% | 3% | 0.04 |
| Unofficial delinquency | 15% | 11% | 0.11 |
| Arrest/Police contact | 8% | 13% | -0.19 |
| Court/Probation/Parole | 34% | 37% | -0.05 |
| Correctional Institution | 39% | 36% | 0.08 |
| Justice Involvement | |||
| Lifetime Justice System Involvement | 80% | 85% | -0.13 |
| Current Justice System Involvement | 70% | 68% | 0.04 |
| In a controlled environmenta | 60% | 57% | 0.05 |
| 13+ days In Controlled Environmenta | 45% | 40% | 0.11 |
| Intensity of Juvenile Justice System Involvement | |||
| In detention/jail 30+ days | 15% | 13% | 0.05 |
| In detention/jail 14-29 days | 14% | 13% | 0.05 |
| On probation/parole 14+ days with 1+ drug screens | 23% | 27% | -0.09 |
| Other probation/parole/detention | 13% | 11% | 0.06 |
| Other Juvenile Justice status | 9% | 12% | -0.10 |
| Arrest/Juvenile Justice statusb | 4% | 6% | -0.07 |
| Illegal activityb | 22% | 19% | 0.07 |
| Environment | |||
| Any physical violenceb | 78% | 73% | 0.10 |
| Weekly Alcohol Use in homea | 28% | 31% | -0.07 |
| Weekly Drug Use in homea | 16% | 17% | -0.03 |
| Work/School Peers Weekly Intoxication | 55% | 52% | 0.05 |
| Social Peers Weekly Intoxication | 61% | 66% | -0.10 |
| Work/School Peers Regular Drug use | 71% | 70% | 0.03 |
| Social Peers Weekly Regular Drug use | 80% | 80% | 0.00 |
| Ever Homeless or Runaway | 46% | 45% | 0.02 |
| Lifetime Victimization | 64% | 69% | -0.10 |
| High Severity Victimization Lifetime | 48% | 55% | -0.13 |
| Victimizationa | 23% | 24% | -0.02 |
| Substance Use | |||
| First Use under Age of 15 | 86% | 85% | 0.03 |
| Weekly Tobacco Usea | 71% | 68% | 0.06 |
| Weekly Alcohol Usea | 31% | 27% | 0.09 |
| Weekly Marijuana Usea | 63% | 61% | 0.03 |
| Weekly Other Drug Use (not Tobacco, Alcohol or Marijuana)a | 28% | 22% | 0.12 |
| Any Lifetime Dependence | 82% | 79% | 0.08 |
| Any Lifetime Abuse | 14% | 18% | -0.11 |
| Any Past Year Dependence | 77% | 75% | 0.06 |
| Any Past Year Abuse | 18% | 21% | -0.07 |
| Any lifetime withdrawal symptoms | 47% | 49% | -0.03 |
| Any past week withdrawal symptoms | 11% | 17% | -0.17 |
| Any Prior Substance Abuse Treatment | 57% | 54% | 0.05 |
| Self-Perceived Substance Problem | 51% | 52% | -0.01 |
| Self-Perceived Need for Treatment | 90% | 88% | 0.06 |
| Physical and Mental Health | |||
| High Health Problemsa | 20% | 20% | 0.01 |
| Pregnant or got someone pregnantb | 16% | 16% | 0.00 |
| Major Depressive Disorderb | 47% | 51% | -0.08 |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorderb | 18% | 20% | -0.04 |
| Any homicidal/suicidal thoughtsb | 33% | 31% | 0.04 |
| Any Traumatic Stress Disorderb | 36% | 38% | -0.05 |
| Conduct Disorderb | 65% | 61% | 0.08 |
| AD/HDb | 50% | 51% | -0.02 |
| Any prior mental health treatment | 60% | 63% | -0.06 |
| Sexual Activity | |||
| Any sexual activitya | 68% | 68% | 0.00 |
| Multiple sexual partnersa | 42% | 40% | 0.04 |
| Any unprotected sexual activitya | 34% | 36% | -0.03 |
| Needle Usea | 5% | 5% | 0.02 |
| Index Substance Use Treatment episode | |||
| Outpatient | 19% | 21% | -0.06 |
| Intensive Outpatient | 14% | 11% | 0.08 |
| Residential | 67% | 67% | 0.00 |
| Length of stay in index treatment in months (Mean [SD]) | 2.0 [1.2] | 2.4 [1.2] | 0.34 |
| Planned discharge from index treatment | 82% | 60% | 0.49 |
| Problem Summaryb | |||
| No major problems | 0% | 1% | -0.02 |
| 1 problem | 2% | 2% | 0.01 |
| 2 problems | 7% | 10% | -0.07 |
| 3 to 12 problems | 90% | 88% | 0.07 |
a
In Past 90 days
b
In Past 12 months