Table 6.
Research-base identified by service
| Service | Author, Year | N | Age Group | Settinga | Study Designb | Dependent Measuresc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extended Time | ||||||
| Brown et al. 2011 | 145 | 13–18 | SS | 2 | P | |
| Lewandowski et al. 2007 | 54 | 10–13 | ns | 2 | P | |
| Pariseau et al. 2010 | 33 | 7–12 | STP | 3 | P, O | |
| Small Group | ||||||
| Hart et al., 2011 | 33 | 7–12 | STP | 3 | P, O | |
| Prompting | ||||||
| Granger et al., 1996 | 49 | 5–12 | SS | 3 | O | |
| Test Aids | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Read-Aloud | ||||||
| Dubey and O'Leary, 1975 | 2 | 8–9 | SS | 5 | P | |
| Breaks | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Study Support | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Behavior Modification | ||||||
| Fabiano et al., 2008d | 2094 | <18 | ns, SS, STP | 1,2,3,4 | PR, TR, O, P | |
| Reduction | ||||||
| Kern et al., 1994 | 1 | 11 | SS | 5 | P | |
| Miller et al., 2003 | 3 | 9–12 | SS | 5 | P, O | |
| Penno et al., 2000 | 1 | 13–14 | SS | 5 | P | |
| One-on-one | ||||||
| Hart et al., 2011 | 33 | 7–12 | STP | 3 | P, O | |
| Material/Planner Organization | ||||||
| Abikoff et al., 2012 | 158 | 8–11 | SS | 1 | PR, TR | |
| Evans et al., 2004 | 7 | 11–14 | SS | 4 | P, PR, TR | |
| Evans et al., 2005 | 27 | 11–14 | SS | 2 | P, PR, TR | |
| Evans et al., 2007 | 79 | 10–14 | SS | 1 | P, PR, TR | |
| Evans et al., 2009 | 49 | 11–14 | SS | 1 | P | |
| Gureasko-Moore et al., 2006 | 3 | 12 | SS | 4 | P | |
| Gureasko-Moore et al., 2007 | 6 | 11–12 | SS | 4 | P | |
| Hechtman et al., 2004 | 103 | 7–9 | SS | 1 | P, PR, TR, SR | |
| Langberg et al.,2008 | 37 | 9–14 | SS | 1 | P | |
| Langberg et al., 2012 | 47 | 11–14 | SS | 1 | PR, TR | |
| Pfiffner et al., 2007 | 69 | 7–11 | SS | 1 | PR, TR | |
| Power et al., 2012 | 199 | 7–12 | SS | 1 | P, PR, TR | |
| Preferential Seating | ||||||
| Dunlap et al., 1993 | 1 | 11 | SS | 5 | O | |
| Granger et al. 1996 | 49 | 5–12 | SS | 3 | O | |
| Modeling Skills | ||||||
| Noell et al. 1998 | 3 | 9 | STP | 4 | O | |
| Copy of Notes | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Breaking Up Tasks | ||||||
| Dunlap et al., 1993 | 1 | 11 | SS | 5 | O | |
| Adapted grading scale | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Parent/Teacher Contact | - | - | - | - | - | |
Note.
a
ns= Study was conducted in a non-school setting (i.e., lab); STP= Study was conducted in a summer treatment program; SS= Study was conducted in a general or special education or analogous setting (i.e., setting designed to mimic a school setting, etc.).
b
1=Randomized Controlled Trial, 2=Not randomized but with a control group, 3=ABAB or reversal single subject design, 4= Multiple baseline single subject design, 5=Case study.
c
P=Performance measure, O=Observation, TR=Teacher Rating, PR=Parent Rating, SR=Self-Rating
d
Results from a meta-analysis of 114 studies on behavior modification for children with ADHD