Table 3. Mean daily area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) ratio and estimated daily dose delivery for EE and GSD after EE/GSD patch application (treatment P) compared with those for oral administration of a pill containing EE and GSD (treatment M).

PK parameter	Analyte	Treatments	Geometric mean AUC ratio of treatment P* vs. treatment M†	Lower 90% confidence limit	Upper 90% confidence limit	Geometric mean (range) estimated daily dose delivery µg
AUC‡	GSD unbound	P vs. M	0.820	0.760	0.885	61.5 (57.0 – 66.4)
AUC‡	EE	P vs. M	1.06	0.964	1.16	21.2 (19.3 – 23.3)

*Treatment P: 0.55 mg EE + 2.1 mg GSD per patch (4 × 7-day wearing period); ^†treatment M: 0.02 mg EE + 0.075 mg GSD per pill (21-day, oral, once daily); ^‡AUC_0–168/7 for treatment P and AUC_0–24 for treatment M. AUC_0–168 = area under the concentration-time curve from time point of 4^th (last) patch application until its removal 1 week later (treatment P); AUC_0–24 = area under the concentration-time curve from time point of 21^st (last) pill administration until 24 hours thereafter; EE = ethinyl estradiol; GSD = gestodene; PK = pharmacokinetic.