Table 2.
Variants of histone H2A in humans
| Variants | Name of genes | Genomic location (Ensembl) | Protein length (aa) (Swiss-Prot) | Function (reference) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2A type 1 | HIST1H2AI | 6p22.1 | 130 | Stabilization of the histone core octamer (Ausio 2006) |
| HIST1H2AK | ||||
| HIST1H2AL | ||||
| HIST1H2AM | ||||
| HIST1H2AG | ||||
| H2A1 type 1-A | HIST1H2AA | 6p22.2 | 131 | |
| H2A type1-B/E | HIST1H2AE | 6p22.2 | 130 | |
| HIST1H2AB | ||||
| H2A type 1-C | HIST1H2AC | 6p22.2 | 130 | |
| H2A type 1-D | HIST1H2AD | 6p22.2 | 130 | |
| H2A type 1-H | HIST1H2AH | 6p22.1 | 128 | |
| H2A type 1-J | HIST1H2A | 6p22.1 | 128 | |
| H2A type 2-A | HIST2H2AA4 | 1q21.2 | 130 | |
| HIST2H2AA4 | ||||
| H2A type 2-B | HIST2H2AB | 1q21.2 | 130 | |
| H2A type 2-C | HIST2H2AC | 1q21.2 | 129 | |
| H2A type 3 | HIST3H2A | 1q42.13 | 130 | Unknown function |
| H2A-Bbd type 1 | H2AFB1 | Xq28 | 115 | Transcription activation (Tolstorukov et al. 2012) |
| H2A-Bbd type 2/3 | H2AFB2 | Xq28 | 115 | Transcription activation (Tolstorukov et al. 2012) |
| H2AFB3 | ||||
| H2A.J | H2AFJ | 12p12.3 | 129 | unknown function |
| H2A.X | H2AFX | 11q23.3 | 143 | Genome integrity: DNA repair regulation (Pusarla and Bhargava 2005) |
| H2A.Z.1 | H2AFZ | 4q23 | 128 | Maintenance of heterochromatin, transcription repression and activation (Fan et al. 2004; Guillemette et al. 2005; Raisner et al. 2005) |
| H2A.Z.2 | H2AFV | 7p13 | 128 | |
| macroH2A.1 | H2AFY | 5q31.1 | 372 | Silencing: enriched in inactivated chromosome X (Pusarla and Bhargava 2005) |
| macroH2A.2 | H2AFY2 | 10q22.1 | 372 | Silencing: enriched in inactive X-chromosome chromatin and in senescence-associated heterochromatin (Pusarla and Bhargava 2005) |