Table 3.
Adjusteda mean changes (β) and their 95% CIs for each birth size measure per 1-SD increase in ln-transformed chemical concentrationb by partner and infant sex, LIFE Study, 2005–2009.
| Outcome | Maternal | aternal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girl β (95% CI) | Boy β (95% CI) | Girl β (95% CI) | Boy β (95% CI) | |
| Birth weight (g)c | ||||
| o,p´-DDT | –195.39 (–351.25, –39.52)* | –6.11 (–93.02, 80.80)* | –49.28 (–153.83, 55.27) | 4.32 (–86.15, 94.79) |
| PBDE-28 | –151.33 (–298.56, –4.10) | –64.65 (–164.92, 35.63) | –30.85 (–154.83, 93.14) | 14.99 (–99.94, 129.93) |
| PBDE-66 | –21.98 (–141.29, 97.33)* | 125.04 (18.16, 231.92)* | –39.80 (–152.57, 72.96) | –47.85 (–173.89, 78.19) |
| PBDE-99 | 52.08 (–120.80, 224.96) | 133.39 (9.12, 257.37) | 17.53 (–123.74, 158.80) | 59.43 (–90.47, 209.33) |
| PBDE-183 | –84.60 (–154.39, –14.82)* | 85.21 (–32.32, 202.74)* | –92.13 (–173.44, –10.82) | 21.32 (–85.27, 127.91) |
| PCB-138 | –82.30 (–219.22, 54.61) | –149.6 (–285.16, –14.06) | –69.04 (–191.78, 53.71) | –103.02 (–264.04, 57.99) |
| PCB-153 | –90.94 (–240.89, 59.01) | –169.93 (–317.32, –22.53) | –29.33 (–164.37, 105.70) | –68.77 (–226.45, 88.91) |
| PCB-167 | –61.69 (–172.52, 49.15) | –129.24 (–228.16, –30.31) | –97.49 (–187.45, –7.54) | –38.24 (–139.86, 63.37) |
| PCB-170 | –80.87 (–223.93, 62.18) | –153.69 (–288.45, –18.92) | –16.85 (–144.38, 110.67) | –119.29 (–268.37, 29.79) |
| PCB-172 | 68.59 (–48.81, 185.99) | –37.21 (–148.16, 73.74) | –35.87 (–143.12, 71.38) | –166.89 (–311.19, –22.60) |
| PCB-195 | –18.46 (–128.10, 91.18) | –137.73 (–259.57, –15.89) | –6.94 (–102.96, 89.07)* | –148.39 (281.69, –15.08)* |
| PCB-209 | –24.96 (–135.66, 85.74) | –98.88 (–187.14, –10.61) | –24.49 (–124.53, 75.56) | –0.80 (–115.85, 114.24) |
| PFOSA | –8.80 (–93.55, 75.95) | –104.23 (–194.16, –14.30) | 10.48 (–85.29, 106.26) | –73.76 (–154.43, 6.91) |
| Length (cm)d | ||||
| γ-HCH | –0.59 (–1.14, –0.03)* | 0.34 (–0.17, 0.84)* | –0.51 (0.98, –0.04)* | 0.33 (–0.20, 0.86)* |
| PBDE-28 | –1.14 (–2.00, –0.28)* | –0.18 (–0.76, 0.41)* | –0.28 (–1.02, 0.46) | 0.00 (–0.67, 0.67) |
| PBDE-99 | 0.25 (–0.76, 1.27) | 0.76 (0.04, 1.48) | 0.18 (–0.65, 1.01) | 0.44 (–0.43, 1.31) |
| PCB-167 | –0.47 (–1.12, 0.19) | –0.42 (–1.00, 0.16) | –0.57 (–1.12, –0.02) | –0.11 (–0.70, 0.49) |
| Head circumference (cm)e | ||||
| HCB | 0.10 (–0.40, 0.61) | 0.44 (0.01, 0.87) | 0.12 (–0.40, 0.63) | –0.22 (–0.63, 0.19) |
| β-HCH | –1.47 (–2.33, –0.61)* | –0.22 (–0.58, 0.14)* | 0.23 (–0.68, 1.13) | –0.16 (–0.78, 0.46) |
| o,p´-DDT | –0.78 (–1.48, –0.09) | –0.06 (–0.47, 0.35) | –0.14 (–0.59, 0.32) | 0.20 (–0.28, 0.67) |
| PBDE-28 | –1.05 (–1.73, –0.38)* | –0.24 (–0.67, 0.19)* | 0.02 (–0.57, 0.61) | 0.18 (–0.33, 0.69) |
| PBDE-66 | –0.17 (–0.76, 0.41)* | 0.60 (0.02, 1.18)* | 0.10 (–0.39, 0.59) | 0.33 (–0.26, 0.92) |
| PBDE-85 | 0.34 (–0.78, 1.45)* | 1.04 (0.04, 2.03)* | –0.01 (–0.83, 0.80) | 0.16 (–0.76, 1.09) |
| PBDE-99 | 0.27 (–0.48, 1.02) | 0.91 (0.23, 1.60) | 0.10 (–0.52, 0.71) | 0.31 (–0.38, 0.99) |
| PCB-128 | 0.08 (–0.30, 0.45)* | –0.86 (–1.45, –0.10)* | –0.18 (–0.61, 0.25) | –0.66 (–1.31, –0.01) |
| PCB-138 | –0.65 (–1.25, –0.05) | –0.67 (–1.67, –0.06) | –0.32 (–0.86, 0.22) | –0.56 (–1.30, 0.17) |
| PCB-153 | –0.65 (–1.30, 0.01) | –0.78 (–1.27, –0.08) | 0.06 (–0.59, 0.71) | –0.22 (–0.79, 0.36) |
| PCB-157 | –0.22 (–0.62, 0.18) | –0.17 (–0.66, 0.32) | –0.06 (–0.46, 0.34) | –0.54 (–1.01, –0.06) |
| PCB-167 | –0.04 (–0.55, 0.46) | –0.47 (–0.95, 0.00) | –0.45 (–0.86, –0.03) | –0.32 (–0.80, 0.16) |
| PCB-201 | 0.51 (0.08, 0.93) | 0.28 (–0.31, 0.87) | 0.19 (–0.22, 0.61) | –0.32 (–1.08, 0.44) |
| PCB-206 | 0.52 (0.06, 0.98) | 0.16 (–0.30, 0.63) | 0.16 (–0.34, 0.66) | –0.38 (–1.17, 0.41) |
| Ponderal Index (g/cm3)d | ||||
| γ-HCH | 0.09 (0.03, 0.16)* | –0.01 (–0.07, 0.05)* | 0.08 (0.02, 0.13) | 0.00 (–0.07, 0.06) |
| p,p´-DDE | 0.03 (–0.07, 0.13) | 0.03 (–0.04, 0.09) | 0.12 (0.02, 0.22)* | 0.01 (–0.06, 0.07)* |
| PCB-138 | –0.10 (–0.20, –0.01) | –0.13 (–0.23, –0.04) | –0.09 (–0.18, 0.00) | –0.13 (–0.24, –0.02) |
| PCB-156 | –0.04 (–0.11, 0.03) | –0.05 (–0.13, 0.03) | –0.08 (–0.16, –0.01) | –0.11 (–0.20, –0.03) |
| PCB-157 | –0.03 (–0.09, 0.04) | –0.04 (–0.12, 0.03) | –0.03 (–0.09, 0.04) | –0.08 (–0.16, –0.01) |
| PCB-170 | –0.10 (–0.20, 0.00) | –0.10 (–0.20, –0.01) | –0.02 (–0.11, 0.07) | –0.03 (–0.14, 0.07) |
| PCB-172 | –0.05 (–0.13, 0.03) | –0.09 (–0.17, –0.02) | –0.01 (–0.09, 0.07) | –0.03 (–0.13, 0.07) |
| Et-PFOSA-AcOH | –0.09 (–0.16, –0.02) | –0.02 (–0.08, 0.04) | –0.04 (–0.10, 0.03) | –0.07 (–0.16, 0.03) |
| aResults are presented only for chemicals for which at least one statistically significant association between pollutants and birth size measures were estimated. Models are adjusted for maternal and paternal serum lipids, serum cotinine, maternal prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2), maternal age, difference in parental age, infant sex, and the individual and partner sum of remaining chemical concentrations in each chemical’s respective class. bRestricted to chemicals with a significant association with fetal growth outcomes. cData for 113 boys and 117 girls were available for analysis. dData for 113 boys and 116 girls were available for analysis. eData for 90 boys and 91 girls were available for analysis. *p < 0.05 for parent concentration and infant sex interaction term. | ||||