Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of TRIUMPH and IHCS
| TRIUMPH (n = 2465) | IHCS (n = 2414) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age | 58.2 (12.2) | 62.6 (12.6) |
| <65 years, (%) | 1771 (71.8) | 1284 (53.2) |
| ≥65 years, (%) | 694 (28.2) | 1130 (46.8) |
| Sex, (%) | ||
| Female | 789 (32.0) | 833 (34.5) |
| Male | 1676 (68.0) | 1581 (65.5) |
| Race, (%) | ||
| White/Caucasian | 1666/2461 (67.7) | 2162 (89.6) |
| Black/African-American | 629/2461 (25.6) | 22 (0.9) |
| Other | 166/2461 (6.7) | 230 (9.5) |
| Education, (%) | ||
| <High school | 503/2454 (20.5) | —a |
| High school/GED | 1476/2454 (60.1) | |
| College | 475/2454 (19.4) | |
| Insured, (%) | 1865/2414 (77.3) | — |
| Diabetes mellitus, (%) | 782 (31.7) | 490 (20.3) |
| Smoking status, (%) | ||
| Never | 670/2449 (27.4) (never or <100 cigarettes total) | 2009 (83.2) |
| Former | 757/2449 (30.9) (quit >30 days ago) | 405 (16.8) (current smoking or 10-pack-year history) |
| Current | 1022/2449 (41.7) (ongoing or quit <30 days ago) | |
| Alcohol use, (%) | ||
| No | 1040/2455 (42.2) | — |
| Yes | 1415/2455 (57.4) | — |
| AUDIT scores | 1.8 (2.5) | — |
| Body mass index | 29.8 (6.6) | 29.0 (7.6), n = 1668 |
| <25, (%) | 537/2333 (23.0) | 375 (22.5) |
| 25–<30, (%) | 807/2333 (34.6) | 714 (42.8) |
| ≥30, (%) | 989/2333 (42.4) | 579 (34.7) |
| Waist (cm) | 96.9 (14.2) | — |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 142.7 (29.9) | 145.6 (23.6), n = 2314 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 83.2 (19.0) | 82.1 (13.2), n = 2313 |
| Physical activity, (%) | ||
| Mainly sedentary | 1091/2451 (44.5) | — |
| Mild exercise | 746/2451 (30.4) | |
| Moderate exercise | 517/2451 (21.1) | |
| Strenuous exercise | 97/2451 (4.0) | |
| Hypertension, (%) | 1630 (66.1) | 1420 (58.8) |
| Hyperlipidaemia, (%) | 1170 (47.5) | 1308 (54.2) |
| Family history of CHD, (%) | 1818 (74.7) | 1035 (42.9) |
| Renal failure, (%) | 176 (7.1) | 28 (1.2) |
| Heart failure, (%) | 214 (8.7) | 20 (0.8) |
| Ejection fraction | 48.7 (13.4) | 59.2 (15.3) |
| Left-ventricular systolic function, (%) | ||
| Normal | 1550 (62.9) | 1114 (46.1) |
| Mild impairment | 445 (18.1) | 542 (22.5) |
| Moderate impairment | 272 (11.0) | 388 (16.1) |
| Severe impairment | 197 (8.0) | 370 (15.3) |
| Prior myocardial infarction, (%) | 499 (20.2) | 167 (6.9) |
| Prior stroke, (%) | 118 (4.8) | 84 (3.5) |
| Presentation, (%) | ||
| Stable angina | N/A | 1438 (59.6) |
| Unstable angina | N/A | 658 (27.2) |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 2465 (100) | 318 (13.2) |
| Extent of angiographic CHD, (%) | ||
| 0-vessel | 195/2279 (8.6) | 1114 (46.1) |
| 1-vessel | 955/2279 (41.9) | 542 (22.5) |
| 2-vessel | 598/2279 (26.2) | 388 (16.1) |
| 3-vessel | 531/2279 (23.3) | 370 (15.3) |
| GRACE mortality risk score (6 m) | 98.9 (29.6) | — |
| Atrial fibrillation, (%) | 119 (4.8) | 245 (11.7), n = 2090 |
| Discharge medications, (%) | ||
| Statin | 2156 (87.5) | 1154 (47.8) |
| Other lipid medicationb | 336 (13.6) | 1227 (50.8) |
| Aspirin | 2333 (94.6) | — |
| Diabetes medication | 717 (29.1) | 303 (12.6) |
| Diuretic | 654 (26.5) | 546 (22.7) |
| ACE-I/ARB | 1839 (74.6) | 777 (32.3) |
| Beta-blocker | 2217 (89.9) | 605 (25.1) |
| Calcium channel blocker | 285 (11.6) | 308 (12.8) |
| Coumadin | 246 (10.0) | 178 (7.4) |
| Antidepressant | 295 (12.0) | 339 (14.3) |
Cells represent mean (SD) or n (%) with the denominators at the top of the table, unless otherwise specified within cells.
ACE-I, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CAD, coronary artery disease; GED, general educational development; GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events; N/A, not applicable.
a—, data not available or not complete.
bEzetimibe, bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, niacin, and fish oil.