Cell viability and ATP production after treatment with BSA-coated SWCNTs. SWCNT concentration is set to 50µg/mL, 25µg/mL and 5µg/mL and premixed with two BSA mass ratios of 1:1 and 1:4, and the mixture was then added to cell culture media and incubated for 6 hrs (a) and 12 hrs (b). Cell viability is measured by comparing the absorbance at 490 nm with negative control. c) ATP production is measured at 12 hrs with the SWCNTs coated with BSA at a mass ratio of 1:1, and compared with the cell viability test result. In (a) and (b), the cell viability difference between the two coating ratios was significant at the significance level of 0.05 as indicated by the Student’s t-test, except for the incubation with the lowest SWCNT concentration of 5 µg/mL.