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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: Clin J Pain. 2015 Feb;31(2):159–168. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000091

Table 3. Quality of life outcomes from baseline to end if treatment and follow-up.

Variable Group Baseline End of Treatment Follow-up Group*Time Interaction
HDI Massage 26.5±3.51 19.6±3.38 17.8±3.11 F(4,52) = 3.26 p = 0.019
Placebo 29.1±3.30 24.3±3.18 26.0±2.92
Wait-list 21.6±3.23 22.6±3.11 20.4±2.86

HIT-6 Massage 56.3±1.57 51.1±1.54 50.2±1.57 F(4,52) = 3.27 p = 0.018
Placebo 54.7±1.48 50.5±1.45 52.3±1.47
Wait-list 53.2±1.45 53.4±1.41 52.1±1.44

Data are presented as mean ± standard error. HDI, Headache Disability Index; HIT-6, Headache Impact Test.