Fig. 3.

IL-1β-mediated activation of Th17 cells after polarization is attenuated by ciglitazone. Naïve CD4⁺ T cells were differentiated using the Th17 cell differentiation medium. (A) On day 4, the cells were harvested and then further restimulated with plate bound anti-CD3 overnight in the presence or absence of IL-1β or/and ciglitazone (25 μM). Following 2 days restimulation, IL-17 producing cells were analyzed using FACS. (B) Restimulated cell supernatant was collected and IL-17 production was measured. Statistically significant differences are indicated by asterisks (^***p<0.001).