Table 1.
Maternal, family, and infant characteristics
| Total (n) | n (%) | Mean (SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age at birth (years) | 209 | - | 31.5 (5.0) |
| Maternal prioritized ethnicity | 209 | - | - |
| European | - | 177 (84.7) | - |
| Māori | - | 15 (7.2) | - |
| Otherc | - | 17 (8.2) | - |
| Maternal BMI (pre-pregnancy) categories | 207 | - | - |
| Underweight | - | 9 (4.4) | - |
| Healthy | - | 113 (54.6) | - |
| Overweight | - | 57 (27.5) | - |
| Obese | - | 28 (13.5) | - |
| Maternal education | 206 | - | - |
| Year 11 or lower | - | 14 (6.8) | - |
| Year 12 or 13 | - | 41 (19.9) | - |
| Post-secondary | - | 29 (14.1) | - |
| Degree or higher | - | 122 (59.2) | - |
| Maternal employment | 209 | - | - |
| Working (full-time, part-time, or casual) | - | 120 (57.4) | - |
| Maternity leave (paid or unpaid) | - | 33 (15.8) | - |
| Student (and possibly working) | - | 7 (3.4) | - |
| Not working (includes carers) | - | 49 (23.4) | - |
| Parity | 209 | - | 2 (1)a |
| Maternal EPDS | 208 | - | 6.8 (4) |
| Maternal stress | 207 | - | 12.7 (3.4) |
| Maternal AUDIT-C | 162 | - | 0 (1) |
| Living arrangements | 208 | - | - |
| With child’s father/partner | - | 193 (92.8) | - |
| With family | - | 10 (4.8) | - |
| Other | - | 5 (2.4) | - |
| NZDep2006 | 206 | - | - |
| 1-3 (low deprivation) | - | 74 (35.9) | - |
| 4-7 | - | 93 (45.2) | - |
| 8-10 (high deprivation) | - | 39 (18.9) | - |
| Family income (NZDd) | 209 | - | - |
| ≤$30,000 | - | 20 (9.6) | - |
| -$70,000 | - | 80 (38.3) | - |
| Over $70,000 | - | 92 (44.0) | - |
| Not provided | - | 17 (8.1) | - |
| Gestation (weeks) | 209 | - | 40.0 (1.3) |
| Birth weight (g) | 207 | - | 3522 (484) |
| Infant sex (M:F) | 209 | 0.88b | - |
| Infant prioritised ethnicity | 209 | - | - |
| European | - | 162 (77.5) | - |
| Māori | - | 24 (11.5) | - |
| Otherc | - | 23 (11.0) | - |
amedian (IQR).
bratio.
cOther includes Pacific, Asian, Middle Eastern, Latin American, African.
dNZD, New Zealand dollars. $70,000 represents average annual household income in region.
Unless otherwise stated, maternal and family data were collected at baseline (third trimester).