Plasma concentration of lopinavir (LPV), ritonavir (RTV), and tenofovir (PMPA) over time after subcutaneous administration in either free (A, C, E) or lipid nanoparticle (B, D, F) formulation at a normalized dose of 25 mg/kg LPV, 14.3 mg/kg RTV, and 17.1 mg/kg PMPA. Data points represent individual animals (circle, M10066; triangle, M10068; square, R10142; diamond, Z11084; open, free drug; closed, LNP). Time points with a mean value of less than 10 ng/ml are annotated. *Outlier omitted: 3285.76 ng/ml at 8 h for animal M10068.