FIG. 2.

Effects of ex vivo treatment with glucocorticoid on phenotype and function of CD14⁺⁺CD16⁺ and CD14⁺CD16⁺⁺ monocytes. (A) Representative flow cytometric dot plots in monocyte subsets following 24-h GC culture of samples derived from uninfected RM (upper panel), SIV_mac251-infected RM (middle panel), and SIV_mac251-infected RM treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) (lower panel). Data are derived from samples cultured for 24 h in the absence (left) or presence (right) of glucocorticoid (GC). The numerical value refers to the frequencies of CD14⁺⁺CD16⁺ monocytes (upper right) and CD14⁺CD16⁺⁺ monocytes (lower right). Changes in the percentage of monocyte subsets in ex vivo PBMCs from uninfected RM (B), SIV chronically infected RM (C), and ART-treated RM (D) following in vitro culture with GC for 24 h. Representing flow analysis of monocyte subsets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from an HIV-infected (top) and ART-treated (lower) individual untreated (left) and GC treated (right) (E). Change in the frequency of CD14⁺⁺CD16⁺ex vivo in HIV-infected (F) and ART-treated (G) individuals incubated with GC for 24 h. Assessment of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α secretion by different monocyte subsets derived from uninfected humans following in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation (H). Changes in the percentage of monocyte subsets secreting TNF-α following in vitro culture with GC for 24 h (I). The paired t-test was used in the statistical analysis.