Table 3. Univariable relationship between anal squamous intraepithelial lesions, anal HPV 16 and 18 DNA positivity and serostatus for HPV 16 and 18 among HIV-positive men who have sex with men.
| Characteristic (n) | HPV 16+N (%) | HPV 16-n (%) | RR (95% CI)‡ | HPV 16+ Neut. Titer Mean ± SD | HPV 18+n (%) | HPV 18-n (%) | RR (95% CI)‡ | HPV 18+ Neut. Titer Mean ±SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anal disease | ||||||||
| None (28) | 11 (39) | 17 (61) | 1.0 Referent | 832 ±898 | 13 (46) | 15 (54) | 1.0 Referent | 338 ±417 |
| Normal/Inflam (8) | 6 (75) | 2 (25) | 1.9 (1.03-3.5) | 517 ±560 | 1 (13) | 7 (88) | 0.27 (0.04-1.8) | 200 (NA) |
| Atypia/ASCUS(21) | 5 (24) | 16 (76) | 0.61 (0.25-1.5) | 400 ±235 | 9 (43) | 12 (57) | 0.93 (0.49-1.7) | 611 ±994 |
| Condyl/AIN 1 (86) | 32 (37) | 54 (63) | 0.95 (0.55-1.6) | 855 ±460 | 42 (49) | 44 (51) | 1.1 (0.67-1.7) | 619 ±850 |
| AIN 2 or 3 (153) | 78 (51) | 75 (49) | 1.3 (0.80-2.1) ptrend=0.19§ | 1410 ±2340 ptrend=0.34ˆ | 76 (50) | 77 (50) | 1.1 (0.70-1.6) ptrend=0.31§ | 594 ±730 ptrend=0.30ˆ |
| History of anogenital warts | ||||||||
| No (79) | 32 (41) | 47 (59) | 1.0 Referent | 944 ±1447 | 37 (47) | 42 (53) | 1.0 Referent | 359 ±383 |
| Yes (217) | 100 (46) | 117 (54) | 1.1 (0.84-1.5) | 1214 ±2121 PANOVA=0.50* | 104 (48) | 113 (52) | 1.0 (0.78-1.3) | 653 ±841 PANOVA=0.043* |
| HPV 16/18 DNA | ||||||||
| −/− (141) | 44 (31) | 97 (69) | 1.0 Referent | 534 ±490 | 52 (37) | 89 (63) | 1.0 Referent | 413 ±537 |
| −/+ (36) | 12 (33) | 24 (67) | 1.1 (0.63-1.8) | 1342 ±2176 | 22 (61) | 14 (39) | 1.7 (1.2-2.3) | 1098 ±1044 |
| +/− (76) | 48 (63) | 28 (37) | 2.0 (1.5-2.7) | 1309 ±717 | 36 (47) | 40 (53) | 1.3 (0.93-1.8) | 393 ±601 |
| +/+ (43) | 28 (65) | 15 (35) | 2.1 (1.5-2.9) ptrend<0.001§ | 1754 ±3236 ptrend=0.020ˆ | 31 (72) | 12 (28) | 2.0 (1.5-2.6) ptrend=0.001§ | 692 ± 843 ptrend=0.81ˆ |
| HPV 16 DNA intensity | ||||||||
| Negative (177) | 121 (68) | |||||||
| +1 (24) | 56 (32) | 16 (67) | 1.0 Referent | 707 ±1117 | 74 (42) | 103 (58) | 1.0 Referent | 617 ±784 |
| +2-3 (26) | 8 (33) | 9 (35) | 1.1 (0.57-1.9) | 463 ±272 | 12 (50) | 12 (50) | 1.2 (0.77-1.8) | 329 ±333 |
| +4-5 (69) | 17 (65) | 18 (26) | 2.1 (1.5-2.9) | 1912 ±2478 | 15 (58) | 11 (42) | 1.4 (0.95-2.0) | 977 ±1101 |
| 51 (74) | 2.3 (1.8-3.0) ptrend<0.001§ | 1485 ± 2508 ptrend=0.008ˆ | 40 (58) | 29 (42) | 1.4 (1.06-1.8) ptrend=0.013§ | 425 ± 584 ptrend=0.89ˆ | ||
| HPV 18 DNA intensity | ||||||||
| Negative (217) | 92 (42) | 125 (58) | 1.0 Referent | 939 ±1337 | 88 (41) | 129 (59) | 1.0 Referent | 405 ±561 |
| +1 (17) | 7 (41) | 10 (59) | 0.97 (0.54-1.8) | 2014 ±2711 | 8 (47) | 9 (53) | 1.2 (0.68-2.0) | 675 ±492 |
| +2-3 (14) | 8 (57) | 6 (43) | 1.3 (0.83-2.2) | 813 ±1025 | 9 (64) | 5 (36) | 1.6 (1.03-2.4) | 906 ±1009 |
| +4-5 (48) | 25 (52) | 23 (48) | 1.2 (0.90-1.7) ptrend=0.16§ | 1784 ±3402 ptrend=0.43 | 36 (75) | 12 (25) | 1.8 (1.5-2.3) ptrend<0.001§ | 890 ±1016 ptrend=0.003ˆ |
‡
Confidence intervals for relative risks (RR) were computed using robust error variances.
†
T-test comparing mean values for sero-positive and sero-negative individuals for indicated characteristic.
§
Li kelihood ratio trend test for relative risk.
ˆ
Generalized linear model trend test.
*
Analysis of variance F-test.