Maternal and cord plasma leptin and soluble leptin receptor. A, Maternal plasma leptin levels increased linearly as maternal body mass index (BMI) increased (P < .001; open circle, solid line), plasma soluble receptor levels decreased as maternal BMI increased (P < .001; closed triangle, dash line). B, Cord plasma leptin significantly increased with increasing maternal BMI (P = .02) and (C) birth weight (P = .006). D, Cord plasma leptin was significantly higher in female infants compared to male infants (P < .001).