Table 2.
Comparison of mean echocardiographic parameter Z-scores between the SMARTT HIV-exposed uninfected cohort and the HIV-unexposed reference cohort
| Echocardiographic Z-score | SMARTT Cohort | Unadjusted Comparison | Adjusted Comparisona | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) cohort (n = 417) Mean (SE), N | HIV-unexposed reference cohort (n = 98) Mean (SE), N | Mean Difference (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted Mean Difference (95% CI) | P Value | |
| FUNCTIONAL MEASURES | ||||||
| LV ejection fraction | 0.20 (0.04), 398 | 0.29 (0.07), 92 | 0.09 (-0.07, 0.26) | 0.26 | 0.04 (-0.14, 0.21) | 0.70 |
| LV M-mode shortening fraction | 0.09 (0.04), 413 | 0.11 (0.08), 98 | 0.02 (-0.17, 0.20) | 0.86 | -0.06 (-0.26, 0.15) | 0.57 |
| LV stress velocity index | 0.28 (0.05), 370 | 0.42 (0.10), 91 | 0.14 (-0.07, 0.35) | 0.18 | 0.12 (-0.11, 0.35) | 0.30 |
| STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS | ||||||
| LV M-mode ED short axis dimension | -0.10 (0.05), 412 | 0.03 (0.09), 98 | 0.13 (-0.07, 0.34) | 0.20 | 0.07 (-0.15 0.29) | 0.52 |
| LV M-mode ED post wall thickness | -0.16 (0.04), 412 | -0.24 (0.08), 98 | -0.08 (-0.26, 0.10) | 0.39 | -0.05 (-0.25, 0.15) | 0.65 |
| M-mode ED septal thickness | -0.46 (0.04), 412 | -0.51 (0.08), 98 | -0.05 (-0.22, 0.13) | 0.59 | -0.06 (-0.25, 0.13) | 0.51 |
| LV M-mode mass | -0.15 (0.04), 412 | -0.14 (0.09), 98 | 0.02 (-0.18, 0.21) | 0.87 | -0.02 (-0.23, 0.19) | 0.83 |
| LV M-mode ES wall stress | -0.07 (0,05), 376 | -0.09 (0.11), 93 | -0.02 (-0.26, 0.22) | 0.89 | -0.02 (-0.29, 0.25) | 0.88 |
| LV M-mode thickness-to-dimension ratio | -0.52 (0.04), 412 | -0.64 (0.08), 98 | -0.12 (-0.30, 0.05) | 0.16 | -0.07 (-0.26, 0.12) | 0.46 |
LV = left ventricular; ED = end-diastolic; ES = end-systolic; SE=standard error; CI=confidence interval
a
Adjusted linear regression models include Hispanic ethnicity, child body mass index, younger maternal age (<25yrs) at delivery, and maternal tobacco use during pregnancy.