Table 2.
Comparison of glioblastoma patients with and without fatigue at baseline. Data are described as mean ± standard deviation.
| Glioblastoma Patients | Glioblastoma Patients with Fatigue (n = 31) | Glioblastoma Patients without Fatigue (n = 34) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 57.4 ± 10.6 | 57.2 ± 9.7 | .94 |
| Male:female | 17 (55%):14 (45%) | 27 (79%):7 (21%) | .03 |
| KPS | 82.2 ± 15.1 | 85.5 ± 11.3 | .36 |
| Tumor diameter (cm) | 4.0 ± 1.5 | 4.0 ± 1.5 | .84 |
| Tumor localization | .03 | ||
| Left | 19 (61%) | 9 (26%) | |
| Right | 12 (39%) | 19 (56%) | |
| Bilateral | 0 | 6 (18%) | |
| Tumor topography | .59 | ||
| Frontotemporal | 20 | 17 | |
| Parieto-occipital | 7 | 13 | |
| Basal ganglia | 1 | 2 | |
| Frontotemporal + parieto-occipital | 3 | 1 | |
| Parieto-occipital + basal ganglia | 0 | 1 | |
| Presenting symptomatology | .18 | ||
| Seizure | 15 | 15 | |
| Motor weakness | 5 | 7 | |
| Cognitive deficit | 8 | 7 | |
| Headache, nausea, vomiting | 8 | 5 | |
| Apathy, asthenia | 0 | 2 | |
| Visual deficit | 0 | 3 | |
| Accidental finding | 0 | 1 | |
| Seizure type | .63 | ||
| No seizure | 6 | 12 | |
| Partial | 4 | 5 | |
| Generalized | 9 | 8 | |
| Complex-focal | 2 | 0 | |
| Unclassified | 1 | 1 | |
| Partial + generalized | 2 | 3 | |
| Complex-focal + generalized | 0 | 1 | |
| Antiepileptic drugs | 19 | 22 | .49 |
| Levetiracetam | 9 | 12 | |
| Phenytoin | 9 | 7 | |
| Clobazam | 5 | 6 | |
| Lamotrigin | 2 | 3 | |
| Clonazepam | 1 | 0 | |
| Topiramat | 1 | 0 | |
| Gabapentin | 0 | 2 | |
| Valproat | 1 | 1 | |
| Extent of resection | .74 | ||
| Biopsy | 2 | 4 | |
| Partial | 22 | 20 | |
| Complete | 6 | 8 | |
| Unclear | 1 | 2 | |
| ESS score | 7.1 ± 4.9 | 4.8 ± 3.4 | .03 |
| EDS (ESS score >10) | 10 (32%) | 4 (12%) | .04 |
| Mean bedtime (h) | 9.2 ± 1.2 | 8.5 ± 1.1 | .02 |
| Long bedtime (>10 h) | 6 (19%) | 4 (12%) | .25 |
| Anxiety score | 6.2 ± 4.0 | 5.3 ± 3.7 | .32 |
| Anxiety, prevalence | 7 (23%) | 4 (18%) | .20 |
| Depression score | 5.7 ± 3.5 | 3.3 ± 3.1 | .005 |
| Depression, prevalence | 4 (13%) | 2 (6%) | .29 |
| Corticosteroids [mg] | 2.7 ± 3.7 | 2.5 ± 2.7 | .79 |
| Activating antidepressants | 3 | 2 | .46 |
| Sedating antidepressants | 1 | 1 | .73 |
| Anxiolytics | 0 | 0 | |
| CNS stimulants | 0 | 0 | |
| Hypnotics | 1 | 2 | .54 |
EDS, excessive daytime sleepiness; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; FSS, Fatigue Severity Scale; h, hours; KPS, Karnofsky performance status; y, years.