FIG 2.

Effect of taurocholate (TC) on detachment of mature V. cholerae biofilms. (A) Remaining biofilm mass after detachment for the indicated time in the presence of 1 mM taurocholate (TC) or 1 mM deoxycholate (DC), presented as fold change of OD₅₇₀ over no bile salts added for the same incubation period. (B) Biofilm-derived planktonic cells incubated in the presence of 1 mM TC or 1 mM DC, presented as fold change of CFU/ml over samples with no bile salts added for the same incubation period. (C and D) Remaining biofilm mass (OD₅₇₀; C) and detached cells (CFU/ml; D) following 2 h of exposure to TC, DC, cholate (CC), glychocholate (GC), and 0.1% Triton X (TX). All bile salts are at 1 mM final concentration. Data are means and SD from three independent experiments. NS, no significance; ****, P < 0.0001.