Table 3.

Mother-Child Relationship Quality and Maternal Praise as a Predictor of Change in ADI-R Autism Symptoms

	Repetitive Behaviors		Non-Verbal Communication		Social Reciprocity		Verbal Communicationa		Total Autism Symptomsb
Fixed Effect	b	S.E.	b	S.E.	b	S.E.	b	S.E.	b	S.E.
Intercept (Time 5)	2.07	0.28**	2.74	0.15**	5.44	0.42**	2.45	0.28**	10.10	0.72**
ID statusc	1.24	0.22**	0.36	0.13**	2.61	0.34**	1.23	0.22**	4.37	0.52**
Male	0.27	0.26	0.03	0.12	0.57	0.33	−0.16	0.27	0.91	0.57
Age	−0.02	0.01	0.02	0.01**	−0.01	0.02	<0.01	0.01	−0.01	0.03
Maternal education	<0.01	0.03	0.02	0.02	−0.07	0.04	<0.01	0.03	−0.05	0.07
Mother-child relationshipd	<0.01	0.04	−0.01	0.02	−0.09	0.05	−0.06	0.04	−0.11	0.08
Maternal praised	0.03	0.10	−0.17	0.06**	−0.47	0.13**	−0.10	0.09	−0.60	0.20**
Linear Slope (Time 1-5)	−0.13	0.04**	--	--	−0.14	0.04**	−0.07	0.04*	−0.29	0.07**
ID statusc	0.05	0.03	--	--	0.11	0.04**	0.04	0.03	0.19	0.06**
Male	0.02	0.03	--	--	0.05	0.03	−0.02	0.04	0.07	0.06
Age	<0.01	<0.01	--	--	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
Maternal education	<0.01	<0.01	--	--	−0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	−0.01	0.01
Mother-child relationshipd	<0.01	0.01	--	--	<0.01	0.01	<0.01	0.01	<0.01	0.01
Maternal praised	0.02	0.01	--	--	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.04	0.02
Residential placemente	−0.22	0.13	−0.01	0.08	0.10	0.19	−0.12	0.10	−0.09	0.27
Maternal praisef	−0.02	0.03	<0.01	0.02	−0.06	0.03	−0.02	0.03	−0.08	0.05
Mother-child relationshipf	−0.04	0.02	−0.02	0.02	−0.08	0.03**	−0.04	0.03	−0.14	0.04**

^afor verbal participants only (N=254),

^bexcludes impairments in verbal communication,

^c1 = has intellectual disability, 0 = does not have intellectual disability,

^daverage Time 1 to Time 5,

^e1 = living in the community, 0 = living in the family home,

^ftime-varying Time 1 to Time 5,

^*p < .05,

^**p < .01