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. 2014 Dec 3;14:464. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-464

Table 3.

Effect of aqueous and methanol extract of V. tessellata leaves in tail immersion test

Treatment Dose (mg/kg) Reaction time (sec)
0 min 30 min 60 min 90 min
Control (Saline water) 10 2.21 ± 0.10 2.5 ± 0.18 2.9 ± 0.37 2.39 ± 0.19
Nalbuphine 10 2.27 ± 0.15 6.05 ± 0.49** 9.23 ± 0.40* 11.93 ± 1.04**
VTA 200 2.87 ± 0.40 3.46 ± 0.51* 5.08 ± 0.67 6.38 ± 0.61
VTA 400 2.79 ± 0.34 4.95 ± 0.34 6.38 ± 0.55* 9.91 ± 0.88**
VTM 200 2.16 ± 0.22 2.61 ± 0.10* 5.12 ± 1.66* 4.40 ± 0.53
VTM 400 1.8 ± 0.32 6.2 ± 4.10* 5.43 ± 0.18* 8.15 ± 1.86*

Values are expressed as mean ± SEM; (n = 5). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 as compared with control. Data were processed with Dunnet’s test for multiple comparisons, GraphPad Prism for Windows, Version 6.0. VTA = V. tessellata aqueous extract, VTM = V. tessellata methanol extract.