Table 1.
Characteristics of the ERA JUMP participants
| Characteristic | White men | Japanese men | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Participants (n) | 298 | 294 | |
| Age (years) | 45.0 (2.8) | 45.1 (2.8) | NS |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.8 (4.3) | 23.5 (2.9) | <0.01 |
| VAT (cm2) | 171.0 (73.5) | 131.6 (51.2) | <0.01 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 122.5 (11.3) | 124.6 (16.0) | NS |
| Current smokersa (%) | 7.4 | 50.3 | <0.01 |
| Alcohol drinkersb (%) | 44.6 | 67.0 | <0.01 |
| Hypertensionc (%) | 14.4 | 24.5 | <0.01 |
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 5.5 (5.2, 5.8) | 5.7 (5.4, 6.1) | <0.01 |
| Insulin (pmol/l) | 88.9 (71.5, 120.8) | 65.3 (50.0, 84.7) | <0.01 |
| Triacylglycerol (mmol/l) | 1.4 (1.0, 2.1) | 1.6 (1.1, 2.1) | NS |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.5 (0.87) | 3.4 (0.93) | NS |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.2 (0.33) | 1.4 (0.33) | <0.01 |
| CRP (nmol/l) | 9.2 (8.2, 10.3) | 3.7 (3.3, 4.1) | <0.01 |
| Adiponectin (mg/l) | 10.1 (9.6, 10.7) | 6.1 (5.6, 6.5) | <0.01 |
| IFGd(%) | 49.3 | 68.4 | <0.01 |
| Hypertension medication (%) | 7.7 | 5.1 | NS |
| Lipid medication (%) | 12.1 | 3.1 | <0.01 |
| Physical activitye(%) | 72.8 | 26.1 | <0.01 |
| Family history of type 2 diabetesf (%) | 12.8 | 11.6 | NS |
Values are means (SD) unless specified otherwise
a
Current smokers were defined as having reported current use of cigarettes or having stopped smoking within the past 30 days
b
Alcohol drinkers were defined as those who consumed alcohol ≥2 times/week
c
Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg, diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or use of antihypertensive medications
d
IFG was defined as fasting serum glucose level ≥5.6 mmol/l
e
Physical activity was defined as exercise ≥1 h in a week
f
Family history of type 2 diabetes was defined as either father or mother of participant having type 2 diabetes
NS, not significant