Table 1.
Frequency distribution of adolescents’ socio-demographic and behavioral factors by urban and rural place of residence
| Urban (N = 2486) a% (n) | Rural (N = 3032) a% (n) | |
|---|---|---|
| Male | 47.0 (1168) | 48.5 (1472) |
| Female | 53.0 (1318) | 51.5 (1560) |
| Young (aged) | 66.8 (1678) | 36.0 (1100) |
| Older (aged) | 33.2 (834) | 64.0 (1952)** |
| Father’s education: at most 9 yr | 24.9 (573) | 58.3 (1679)** |
| Father’s education: above 9 yr | 75.1 (1726) | 41.7 (1200) |
| Mother’s education: at most 9 yr | 30.6 (700) | 65.6 (1881)** |
| Mother’s education: above 9 yr | 69.4 (1585) | 34.3 (983) |
| Living at schools: no | 71.5 (1775) | 15.6 (473)** |
| Living at schools: yes | 28.5 (709) | 84.4 (2557) |
| Economic wealth: poor | 5.6 (139) | 16.7 (506)** |
| Economic wealth: moderate to good | 94.4 (2336) | 83.3 (2517) |
| Housekeeper: yes | 8.0 (196) | 1.8 (55)** |
| Housekeeper : no | 92.0 (2264) | 98.2 (2925) |
| Family wealth: least poor: 1st quartile | 62.9 (1483) | 9.4 (277) |
| Family wealth: 2nd quartile | 23.6 (556) | 20.0 (587) |
| Family wealth: 3rd quartile | 9.6 (227) | 38.0 (1114) |
| Family wealth; most poor 4th quartile | 3.9 (93) | 32.6 (957)** |
| Brushing teeth: less than twice a day | 39.1 (972) | 59.3 (1794) |
| Brushing teeth: twice a day or more | 60.9 (1513) | 40.7 (1232) ** |
| Chocolate: seldom | 36.9 (916) | 49.3 (1491) |
| Chocolate: at least several times a week | 63.1 (1567) | 50.7 (1534) ** |
| Dental attendance last 2 yr: yes | 58.4 (1439) | 29.4 (2130) |
| Dental attendance last 2 yr: no | 41.6 (1026) | 70.6 (2401) ** |
| Smoking: no | 96.7 (2401) | 89.4 (2696) |
| Smoking: yes | 3.3 (83) | 10.6 (320) ** |
aThe total numbers in the different categories do not add up to 5608 participants due to missing values.
**p < 0.001.