Table 2. Mood and Anxiety Ratings in Healthy and MDD Women by Estradiol Session.
| Rating scale |
Healthy controls (HC) |
Remitted MDD women (MDD) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Low E2 |
High E2 |
Low E2 |
High E2 |
|||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| HAM-D (17-item) total score | — | — | — | — | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 3.7 |
| STAIa | ||||||||
| Trait anxiety scoreb | 29.5 | 6.5 | 28.6 | 5.2 | 40.7 | 10.3 | 41.8 | 10.4 |
| State anxiety scorec | ||||||||
| Prescan* | 29.3 | 6.1 | 27.1 | 6.0 | 33.7 | 7.8 | 32.4 | 9.2 |
| Postscan* | 30.1 | 6.4 | 28.5 | 5.6 | 35.6 | 9.0 | 38.5 | 11.1 |
| POMSd | ||||||||
| Tension–Anxietye | ||||||||
| Prescan+ | 30.5 | 1.0 | 30.0 | 0.0 | 30.6 | 1.6 | 32.7 | 5.2 |
| Postscan* | 30.8 | 0.3 | 30.2 | 0.6 | 30.9 | 2.0 | 32.2 | 3.1 |
| Depression–Dejectionf | ||||||||
| Prescan | 32.7 | 1.0 | 33.5 | 2.8 | 34.5 | 4.4 | 35.3 | 4.7 |
| Postscan | 32.4 | 1.4 | 33.5 | 2.8 | 35.0 | 4.6 | 34.7 | 3.2 |
| Anger–Hostility | ||||||||
| Prescan | 37.2 | 0.6 | 37.5 | 1.1 | 38.1 | 2.2 | 39.3 | 5.3 |
| Postscan | 37.3 | 1.1 | 37.8 | 1.2 | 38.0 | 2.5 | 38.2 | 2.5 |
| Vigor–Activity | ||||||||
| Prescan | 55.3 | 11.3 | 59.2 | 9.2 | 57.5 | 7.2 | 60.1 | 6.9 |
| Postscan | 50.9 | 11.1 | 59.6 | 10.5 | 54.8 | 9.2 | 54.9 | 8.1 |
| Fatigue–Inertiag | ||||||||
| Prescan | 36.4 | 3.3 | 35.7 | 1.8 | 37.9 | 3.9 | 37.6 | 4.1 |
| Postscan | 35.6 | 11.1 | 36.8 | 2.4 | 43.5 | 6.3 | 41.1 | 5.0 |
| Confusion–Bewilderment | ||||||||
| Prescan | 30.5 | 1.7 | 30.2 | 0.8 | 31.5 | 1.5 | 32.6 | 4.7 |
| Postscan | 30.0 | 0.0 | 30.0 | 0.0 | 31.9 | 2.8 | 31.7 | 2.8 |
| IAPS Stimuli Ratingsh | ||||||||
| Negative arousal | 4.6 | 2.4 | 4.5 | 1.9 | 4.5 | 2.2 | 4.2 | 2.0 |
| Negative valence | 7.6 | 1.3 | 7.5 | 1.2 | 7.6 | 0.92 | 7.6 | 1.0 |
Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is a self-report of current and “usual” levels of anxiety.
Trait anxiety, MDD>HC, p<0.001.
State anxiety, MDD>HC, p=0.013 (prescan), p<0.001 (postscan). Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that MDD cases reported a bigger increase in state anxiety after the visual stress paradigm compared with baseline values (F(1,39)=3.36, trend p=0.074.
Profile of Mood States (POMS) is a self-report of current mood states.
TA, MDD>HC, trend p=0.095 (prescan), MDD>HC, p=0.018 (postscan).
DD, MDD>HC, p=0.037 (postscan).
FI, MDD>HC, p=0.003 (postscan).
After the fMRI scanning session, subjects rated a selection of the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) stimuli on valence and arousal. Bold values indicate a significant different (P<0.05) between groups.