Table 1. Participant Characteristics.
| Control | PTSD | |
|---|---|---|
| N | 27 (13F) | 27 (18F) |
| Age | 13.6 (±3.0) | 14.2 (±2.7) |
| Tanner stage | 3.1 (±1.4) | 3.4 (1.2) |
| IQ | 108.8 (±12.9) | 102.2 (±12.2) |
| Left handed (n) | 1 | 3 |
| Index trauma (n) | — | Sexual abuse (10) |
| Witnessing violence (4) | ||
| Traumatic death of loved one (8) | ||
| Accident (5) | ||
| Comorbid diagnoses (n) | — | Major depressive disorder (17) |
| Depressive disorder not otherwise specified (2) | ||
| Separation anxiety disorder (6) | ||
| Social anxiety disorder (3) | ||
| Generalized anxiety disorder (3) | ||
| ADHD (8) | ||
| PTSD duration | — | 46 (±36) months |
| PTSD Reaction Index | — | 47.3 (±13.5) |
| CAPS-CA past month | — | 67.8 (±20.5) |
| MFQ | 2.7 (±2.1) | 24.2 (±10.4) |
| SCARED | 6.6 (±4.5) | 31.9 (±13.6) |
| Past psychiatric | — | Stimulant (8) |
| medication (n) | Antidepressant (7) | |
| Alpha-2 agonist (1) | ||
| Benzodiazepine (1) |
Abbreviations: CAPS-CA, Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale Child and Adolescent version; MFQ, Mood and Feelings Questionnaire; SCARED, Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders.
The control and PTSD groups did not significantly differ in sex distribution, age, Tanner stage, IQ, or handedness. The PTSD Reaction Index was determined by the greater of youth and caregiver scores for each item. The MFQ and SCARED represent the average of youth and caregiver reports. Note that the CAPS-CA was not obtained for the first seven PTSD participants. Numbers in parentheses represent SD unless otherwise indicated.