Summary of the GLMs (GLMMs) and Wald test for logging, mortality and recruitment. Explanatory variables are shown in the first column. The estimated coefficient (coeff.), standard error (s.e.), z- and p-values are shown for each dependent variable (logging, mortality and recruitment). Estimated coefficients and result of the Wald test for each species are shown in the electronic supplementary material, table S2. In the test for recruitment, maximum DBH size of each tree was removed from the fixed factor because recruitment was defined depending on the criterion of DBH size. Statistical significance is shown in bold. Dis-village, distance from nearest village; Dis-FA, distance from FA office.