Table 2.
TRP channels and STIM/ORAI proteins in cancer cell migration
| Channel | Cancer cell type(s) | Function | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TRPC1 | Glioblastoma | EGF-stimulated localization to leading edge in migration | Chemotaxis towards EGF | (Bomben et al., 2011) |
| MDCK-F cells | Inhibition or down-regulation affects cell polarization, FGF-2 chemotaxis and stretch activation | Chemotaxis towards FGF-2 involved in mechanosignalling | (Fabian et al., 2008; 2011; 2012,,) | |
| BxPC3 PDAC cells | TGF-β-induced Ca2+ responses | Increased motility and invasion | (Dong et al., 2010) | |
| TRPC2 | FRTL-5 thyroid cells | Regulates Rac and calpain activity | Down-regulation decreases cell migration | (Sukumaran et al., 2013) |
| TRPC3 | MCF-7 breast cancer cell | SOCE/ROCE function. Polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit TRPC3. | Increased migration and invasion | (Zhang et al., 2012) |
| TRPC6 | Glioblastoma | Increased expression through hypoxia-induced notch signalling | Knock-down inhibits migration and invasion | (Chigurupati et al., 2010) |
| Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas | Increased expression in cell lines and tumour tissue | Knock-down inhibits invasion | (Bernaldo de Quiros et al., 2013) | |
| TRPV1 | Hepatoblastoma(HepG2) | HGF increases TRPV1 channel activity | Increased migration | (Waning et al., 2007) |
| TRPV2 | PC3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells | Lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylinositol induced calcium influx by PI3,4K pathway | Increased expression and migration | (Monet et al., 2009) |
| PC3 xenograft tumours in mice | Induction of MMP2, MMP9 and cathepsin B | (Monet et al., 2010) | ||
| PC-3 prostate cancer cells and urothelial carcinoma cells T24/83 | Adrenomedullin induced membrane expression followed by increased activity | Increase in migration and invasion | (Oulidi et al., 2013) | |
| TRPV4 | Hepatoblastoma (HepG2) | Increased lamellipodial dynamics at frontal region of migrating cells | Increased migration | (Waning et al., 2007) |
| TRPV6 | MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells | Increased expression in non-invasive (MCF-7) and invasive (MDA-MB-231) cells | TRPV6 silencing reduced migration and invasion | (Dhennin-Duthille et al., 2011) |
| TRPM1 | B16-F1 melanoma cells | High expression in poor metastatic variants and increased expression in highly metastatic variants | Functional expression reduces metastasis and migratory potential and vice versa | (Duncan et al., 1998) |
| TRPM2 | BxPC-3 PDAC cells | Increased activation through SIRT6-elevated ADPr levels, an activator of TRPM2 | Increased migration | (Bauer et al., 2012) |
| TRPM7 | N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells | Activation affects actomyosin contractility and cell adhesion | Increased cell spreading through BK channel activation | (Clark et al., 2006) |
| MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells | TRPM7 modulation involving the Src-MAPK signalling pathway | Silencing TRPM7 reduces cell migration and invasion | (Meng et al., 2012) | |
| MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells | Polymerization of the cytoskeleton | Silencing TRPM7 impairs migratory and metastatic properties | (Middelbeek et al., 2012) | |
| BxPC-3 PDAC cells | Increased expression in PDAC and contribution to Mg2+ entry | Silencing TRPM7 reduced cell migration | (Rybarczyk et al., 2012) | |
| 5-8F and 6-10B nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells | Controlling Ca2+ influx | Increased migration | (Chen et al., 2010) | |
| A549 lung cancer cells | Basal and EGF-induced migration | Increased migration | (Gao et al., 2011) | |
| TRPM8 | Glioblastoma | Menthol and HGF/SF increases [Ca2+]i by activating TRPM8 | Increased migration through BK channel activation | (Wondergem et al., 2008; Wondergem and Bartley, 2009) |
| PC-3 prostate cancer cells | Overexpression of TRPM8 inactivates focal adhesion kinase | Decreased migration | (Yang et al., 2009b) | |
| PC-3 prostate cancer cells | PSA activated TRPM8 via the bradykinin 2 receptor signalling pathway | Decreased migration | (Gkika et al., 2010) | |
| STIM1/ORAI1/ | Glioblastoma | Increased expression of both ORAI1 and STIM1 | Increased migration | (Motiani et al., 2013a) |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC-LM3) | Regulate de-phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase, and by that modulate focal adhesion turnover | STIM1 silencing and SOCE inhibitor inhibited migration and invasion | (Yang et al., 2013a) | |
| MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and mouse tumour | Implicated in serum-induced migration. Modulate focal adhesion turnover through Ras and Rac1 | Increased migration and invasion | (Yang et al., 2009a) | |
| ORAI1 | Human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-435s | Colocalized in lipid rafts with KCa3.2 to regulate Ca2+ influx and calpain activity | Involved in migration and bone metastases | (Chantome et al., 2013) |
| STIM1/ORAI3/ | MCF-7 breast cancer cells (ER+ breast cancer cells) | EGF and thrombin mediated Ca2+ entry and ERK, focal adhesion kinase and NFAT regulation | Increase in tumourigenesis and invasion | (Motiani et al., 2010; 2013b,) |