Table 3.
Fatty acid profile of the encapsulated oils and the daily dose of PUFAs consumed by each intervention arm
| Fatty acid profile of dietary supplements (area%) | PUFAs provided in dietary supplements by arm (g/day) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common name | Fatty acid | Corn | Borage | Echium | Fish | CO | BO * | FO |
| Myristic | C14:0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.8 | |||
| Palmitic | C16:0 | 10.8 | 6.5 | 7.8 | 17.1 | |||
| Palmitoleic | C16:1 n-7 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 7.0 | |||
| Stearic | C18:0 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 5.0 | 4.1 | |||
| Oleic | C18:1 n-9 | 29.8 | 9.6 | 18.1 | 11.5 | |||
| Vaccenic | C18:1 n-11 | 0 | 0.4 | 0 | 3.0 | |||
| Linoleic (LA) | C18:2 n-6 | 54.2 | 22.1 | 18.6 | 1.9 | 3.96 | 1.80 | 0.48 |
| Gamma-linoleic (GLA) | C18:3 n-6 | 0 | 41.0 | 9.7 | 0.3 | 0 | 1.65 | 0.05 |
| Alpha-linoleic (ALA) | C18:3 n-3 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 28.0 | 1.2 | 0.06 | 1.90 | 0.23 |
| Gondoic | C20:1 n-9 | 0.2 | 5.6 | 0 | 0.5 | |||
| Stearidonic (SDA) | C18:4 n-3 | 0.1 | 0 | 12.2 | 4.5 | <0.01 | 0.83 | 0.86 |
| Dihommo-γ-linolenic (DGLA) | C20:3 n-6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | |||
| Behenic | C22:0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0 | 1.3 | |||
| Arachidonic (ARA) | C20:4 n-6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Erucic | C22:1 n-9 | 0 | 4.3 | 0.1 | 0 | |||
| Eicosopentaenoic (EPA) | C20:5 n-3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 18.0 | <0.01 | 0 | 3.58 |
| Nervonic | C24:1 n-9 | 0 | 3.2 | 0.1 | 0.9 | |||
| Docosapentaenoic (DPA) | C22:5 n-3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.1 | |||
| Docosahexaenoic (DHA) | C22:6 n-3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.3 | 0 | 0 | 2.44 |
| Others | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0 | 1.2 | ||||
*BO arm received a combination of borage and echium oils.
The fatty acid composition of the oils was evaluated by gas chromatography. The PUFA doses were calculated based on the mass of oil in the number capsules consumed daily, which were:9 CO capsules, 10 BO capsules (3 borage and 7 echium) or 9 FO capsules.