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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jan 12.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Res. 2011 May;40(3):811–821. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2010.10.009

Table 1.

Established Immigrant Gateways and New Destinations for the 150 Largest Metropolitan Areas, 2000

Established Gateways New Destinations

  1. Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH

  2. Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX

  3. Chicago, IL

  4. Dutchess County, NY

  5. El Paso, TX

  6. Fort Lauderdale, FL

  7. Fresno, CA

  8. Hartford, CT

  9. Honolulu, HI

  10. Houston, TX

  11. Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA

  12. McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX

  13. Miami, FL

  14. New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT

  15. New York, NY

  16. Newburgh, NY-PA

  17. Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI

  18. Riverside-San Bernardino, CA

  19. Salinas, CA

  20. San Antonio, TX

  21. San Diego, CA

  22. San Francisco, CA

  23. Springfield, MA

  24. Tacoma, WA

  25. Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL

  26. Trenton, NJ

  1. Albuquerque, NM

  2. Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA

  3. Anchorage, AK

  4. Atlanta, GA

  5. Atlantic-Cape May, NJ

  6. Bakersfield, CA

  7. Columbus, OH

  8. Dallas, TX

  9. Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL

  10. Daytona Beach, FL

  11. Denver, CO

  12. Des Moines, IA

  13. Fort Myers-Cape Coral FL

  14. Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL

  15. Galveston-Texas City, TX

  16. Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI

  17. Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI

  18. Kansas City, MO-KS

  19. Lancaster, PA

  20. Las Vegas, NV-AZ

  21. Lincoln, NE

  22. Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL

  23. Minneapolis-St. Paul MN-WI

  24. Modesto, CA

  25. Monmouth-Ocean, NJ

  26. Naples, FL

  27. Oklahoma City, OK

  28. Omaha, NE-IA

  29. Orlando, FL

  30. Pensacola, FL

  31. Phoenix-Mesa, AZ

  32. Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA

  33. Reno, NV

  34. Rockford, IL

  35. Sacramento, CA

  36. San Jose, CA

  37. Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA

  38. Santa Rosa, CA

  39. Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA

  40. Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA

  41. South Bend, IN

  42. Stockton-Lodi, CA

  43. Tucson, AZ

  44. Ventura, CA

  45. Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA

  46. Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV

  47. West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL

  48. Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD