FIG 5.

Carboxymefloquine coordinately induces the expression of ADME genes in primary human hepatocytes. Primary human hepatocyte cultures from 6 donors were each treated with 0.1% DMSO, 30 μM rifampin (RIF), or the indicated doses of carboxymefloquine (CMQ) for 48 h. mRNA expression of the indicated genes was quantified by TaqMan real-time RT-PCR and normalized to the expression levels of 18S rRNA. The data are shown as the fold induction of mRNA expression by chemical treatment, with the expression in the cells treated with only DMSO designated 1; these data are presented as box and whisker plots, with boxes representing the 25th to 75th percentiles, medians indicated by horizontal lines, and whiskers showing the minimum and maximum values. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. *, P < 0.05.