TABLE 3.
Proportions of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae positive screening diagnoses and association with preceding use of specific agents of antibiotics from a total of 13,515 STI clinic consultations
| Antibiotic use |
C. trachomatis |
N. gonorrhoeae |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (n) | ORa (95% CI) |
% (n) | OR (95% CI) |
|||
| Univariate | Adjustedb | Univariate | Adjusted | |||
| Doxycycline | ||||||
| No (n = 13,438) | 10.9 (1,467) | 1 | 1 | 1.9 (254) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 77) | 3.9 (3) | 0.33 (0.10–1.06)# | 0.37 (0.12–1.20) | 3.9 (3) | 2.10 (0.66–6.72) | 1.19 (0.41–3.41) |
| Azithromycin | ||||||
| No (n = 13,458) | 10.9 (1,461) | 1 | 1 | 1.9 (256) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 57) | 15.8 (9) | 1.54 (0.76–3.14) | 1.62 (0.80–3.32) | 1.8 (1) | 0.92 (0.13–6.68) | 0.69 (0.09–5.62) |
| Amoxicillin | ||||||
| No (n = 13,375) | 10.9 (1,458) | 1 | 1 | 1.9 (255) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 140) | 8.6 (12) | 0.77 (0.42–1.39) | 0.81 (0.45–1.50) | 1.4 (2) | 0.75 (0.18–3.03) | 0.54 (0.14–2.15) |
| Any tetracyclines | ||||||
| No (n = 13,416) | 10.9 (1,467) | 1 | 1 | 1.9 (254) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 99) | 3.0 (3) | 0.26 (0.08–0.81)* | 0.29 (0.09–0.91)* | 3.0 (3) | 1.62 (0.51–5.14) | 0.95 (0.33–2.71) |
| Any macrolides | ||||||
| No (n = 13,446) | 10.9 (1,461) | 1 | 1 | 1.9 (256) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 69) | 13.0 (9) | 1.23 (0.61–2.49) | 1.29 (0.64–2.60) | 1.4 (1) | 0.76 (0.11–5.49) | 0.63 (0.08–5.02) |
| Any quinolones | ||||||
| No (n = 13,466) | 10.8 (1,461) | 1 | 1 | 1.9 (254) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 49) | 18.4 (9) | 1.85 (0.88–3.87) | 2.11 (1.01–4.42)* | 6.1 (3) | 3.39 (1.04–11.1)* | 3.16 (0.78–12.77) |
| Any cephalosporins | ||||||
| No (n = 13,503) | 10.9 (1,469) | 1 | 1 | 1.9 (257) | NAc | NAc |
| Yes (n = 12) | 8.3 (1) | 0.75 (0.10–5.86) | 0.68 (0.07–6.56) | 0 (0) | ||
| Any penicillins | ||||||
| No (n = 13,315) | 10.9 (1,455) | 1 | 1 | 1.9 (254) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 200) | 7.0 (15) | 0.66 (0.39–1.12) | 0.70 (0.41–1.20) | 1.5 (3) | 0.78 (0.25–2.44) | 0.64 (0.20–2.01) |
| Nitrofurantoin/trimethoprim/fosfomycin | ||||||
| No (n = 13,410) | 10.9 (1,460) | 1 | 1 | 1.9 (255) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 105) | 9.5 (10) | 0.86 (0.45–1.65) | 1.91 (0.47–1.75) | 1.9 (2) | 1.00 (0.25–4.09) | 1.71 (0.41–7.08) |
a
Risk estimates for the total group are presented as estimates; they did not significantly differ between women, heterosexual men, and MSM (P interaction > 0.05). Analyses accounted for repeated measurements. #, P < 0.10; *, P < 0.05.
b
Adjusted for age, HIV status, gender, and sexual orientation.
c
NA, not assessed.