Figure 8. Chloroplast envelope inner membrane invagination size, density on the inner membrane, and distance from thylakoid tips.
(A) Diagram illustrating how chloroplast envelope inner membrane (B) invagination density, (C) invagination size, and (D) distance between invagination and thylakoid tip were quantified. Invaginations were counted if the distance they projected into the stroma (i, invagination size) was greater than the width of the chloroplast envelope's double membrane (m). For this reason, there are no invaginations less than 15 nm in size plotted in C. Invaginations with multiple tips were counted as single invaginations. The distance between thylakoids and invaginations (D) was measured as the shorted straight line through the 3D volume between the tip of an invagination and the tip of the nearest thylakoid.