TABLE 5.
Prevalence of ExPEC-associated genes and phenotypes among 129 ExPEC isolates in relation to pathotype
| Functional category | Specific genes | Prevalence of genea/phenotype, no. of isolates (column %) |
P valueb |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human and avian, all ExPEC, n = 129 | Human |
Avian, APEC,c n = 76 | Human and avian, undefined, n = 34 | |||||||
| UPEC,c n = 30 | NMEC,c n = 14 | UPEC vs NMEC | APEC vs UPEC | APEC vs NMEC | Undefined vs other ExPEC | |||||
| Adhesin | afaE8 | 7 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 (6) | 1 (3) | ||||
| bmaE | 7 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 5 (7) | 2 (6) | |||||
| fimH | 128 (99) | 30 (100) | 14 (100) | 75 (99) | 34 (100) | |||||
| gafD | 7 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 5 (7) | 2 (6) | |||||
| hra | 68 (53) | 12 (40) | 0 (0) | 37 (49) | 23 (68) | 0.005 | <0.001 | |||
| papA | 19 (15) | 6 (20) | 0 (0) | 14 (18) | 4 (12) | |||||
| papC | 70 (54) | 13 (43) | 1 (7) | 49 (65) | 16 (47) | 0.02 | <0.001 | |||
| papEF | 63 (49) | 10 (33) | 0 (0) | 43 (57) | 14 (41) | 0.01 | <0.001 | |||
| papG | 23 (18) | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | 10 (13) | 8 (24) | |||||
| sfa and/or focDE | 3 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 1 (3) | |||||
| sfaS | 4 (3) | 1 (3) | 1 (7) | 2 (3) | 1 (3) | |||||
| Toxin | cdtB | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.02 | |||
| cnf1 | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | |||||
| astA | 59 (46) | 9 (30) | 3 (21) | 28 (37) | 21 (62) | |||||
| hlyF | 85 (66) | 24 (80) | 12 (86) | 59 (78) | 15 (44) | 0.02 | ||||
| pic | 9 (7) | 2 (7) | 1 (7) | 2 (3) | 3 (9) | |||||
| tsh | 89 (67) | 22 (73) | 12 (86) | 73 (96) | 13 (38) | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| sat | 2 (2) | 1 (3) | 1 (7) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Siderophore | fyuA | 67 (52) | 19 (63) | 14 (100) | 52 (68) | 6 (18) | 0.008 | 0.01 | <0.001 | |
| ireA | 41 (32) | 10 (33) | 0 (0) | 24 (32) | 10 (29) | 0.01 | 0.01 | |||
| iroN | 68 (53) | 20 (67) | 14 (100) | 51 (67) | 8 (24) | 0.01 | NAd | NA | 0.002 | |
| iutA | 123 (95) | 28 (93) | 12 (86) | 75 (99) | 31 (91) | NA | NA | |||
| Protectin | cvaC | 37 (29) | 12 (40) | 7 (50) | 27 (36) | 5 (15) | ||||
| iss | 75 (58) | 23 (77) | 13 (93) | 59 (78) | 9 (27) | NA | NA | <0.001 | ||
| kpsMT K1 | 39 (30) | 9 (30) | 14 (100) | 29 (38) | 0 (0) | NA | ||||
| kpsM K2 and K100 | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (6) | |||||
| kfiC K5 | 4 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 2 (6) | |||||
| kii | 81 (63) | 20 (67) | 12 (86) | 52 (68) | 16 (47) | |||||
| rfc | 4 (3) | 3 (10) | 2 (14) | 3 (4) | 0 (0) | |||||
| traT | 48 (37) | 15 (50) | 8 (57) | 25 (33) | 11 (32) | |||||
| Miscellaneous | H7 fliC | 3 (2) | 2 (7) | 1 (7) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | ||||
| ibeA | 18 (14) | 7 (23) | 14 (100) | 15 (20) | 0 (0) | NA | 0.02 | |||
| ompT | 71 (55) | 18 (60) | 10 (71) | 44 (58) | 17 (50) | NA | NA | |||
| malX | 23 (18) | 10 (33) | 10 (71) | 18 (24) | 0 (0) | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.008 | ||
| usp | 24 (19) | 11 (79) | 11(37) | 20 (26) | 2 (6) | 0.009 | <0.001 | |||
| Complement resistant | 63 (49) | 15 (50) | 7 (50) | 42 (55) | 13 (38) | |||||
| Growth in urine | 30 (23) | 30 (100) | 5 (36) | 21 (28) | 0 (0) | NA | NA | NA | 0.002 | |
a
All isolates were negative for certain adhesin (afa and/or draBC, clpG, focG, f17, and iha), capsule (kpsMT K15), and toxin (hlyD) genes.
b
P values are shown only where they are <0.05.
c
Some isolates are overlapped between groups.
d
NA, not applicable; this characteristic is a defining criterion for one or both pathotypes.