Table 1.

Comparative frequency of mucocutaneous lesions in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) and adult systemic lupus erythematosus (adult SLE)

Mucocutaneous lesions	JSLE	Adult SLE
1. LE specific skin lesions
Malar rash	44-85% [2, 5, 6]	40-52% [5, 6]
Generalized lupus rash	30% [28]	N/A [5, 6]
Subacute cutaneous LE	Rare [8, 33, 34]	7-27% [8, 9]
Discoid rash	<10% [1, 2, 4, 18, 28, 29]	20-50% [5, 36]
Generalized DLE	10-37% [31, 34–36]	40-49% [36]
Lupus panniculitis/ profundus	<1% [34, 37]	1-3% [10]
2. LE nonspecific skin lesions
Cutaneous vasculitis	16-45% [11, 21, 47]	11-70% [5, 7, 12, 13]
Photosensitivity	35-50% [2, 4, 5]	63% [7]
Oral and nasal ulcers	20-40% [2, 4, 5, 49, 52]	18-30% [6, 7, 49, 52]
Non-scarring alopecia	15-30% [2, 5]	25-55% [2, 5, 53]
Livedo reticularis	6-12% [14, 30, 33]	22-35% [12]
Raynaud’s phenomenon	6-12% [15, 16]	10-45% [15, 16, 60, 61]
Bullous SLE	<1% [28]	N/A [62–64]

N/A; A lack of published evidence for the relative frequency of these lesions.