FIG. 5.

Distal S1P1/3 stimulation promotes and stabilizes sprouting in endothelial cells. (A) Schematic of static distal S1PR agonist stimulation in the presence of VEGF. (B) Sprout density normalized to basal media under static distal agonist stimulation for arterial (left) and venular (right) endothelial cells. (C) Sprout-to-migration ratio (A.U.) for HAAECs (left) and HUVECs (right), normalized to basal media. (D) Representative images of sprouting and migrating cell data shown in (B, C), with migrating cells circled. Magnification=20×. Green color indicates GFP. Error bars represent standard error. *p<0.05. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tea