Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| First surveya | Second survey | |
|---|---|---|
| n | 57 | 39 |
| Age (years) | 73.6±7.1 (53–87) | 73.1±7.3 |
| Sex (male:female) | 52:5 | 37:2 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.0±2.6 | 20.7±2.7 |
| Peak inspiratory flow (L/min) | ||
| Without adaptor | 175.8±67.8 (50–327) | 176.5±61.2 (60–327) |
| With adaptor (HH) | 44.1±8.8 (30–65) | 43.8±7.9 (30–65) |
| VC (%) | 96.3±21.4 | 96.7±19.1 |
| FVC (%) | 94.6±22.3 | 95.6±20.6 |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 46.4±10.7 | 44.4±10.0 |
| Predicted % FEV1 (%) | 64.0±24.4 | 61.8±24.2 |
| Severity of airflow limitation (%) | ||
| GOLD 1: mild | 9.6 | 8.6 |
| GOLD 2: moderate | 44.2 | 42.9 |
| GOLD 3: severe | 36.5 | 37.1 |
| GOLD 4: very severe | 9.6 | 11.4 |
| Long-term oxygen therapy (%) | 12 (21.1) | 9 (23.1) |
| Asthma complications (%) | 8 (14.0) | 2 (5.1) |
| Duration of HandiHaler use | ||
| <1 year | 8 | 4 |
| ≥1 year | 49 | 35 |
| Duration between the surveys | NA | 933±51 (735–1,072) |
Notes:
a
The first survey was administered 8 weeks after patients switched from the HandiHaler to the Respimat, and the second survey was administered 2–3 years after patients continued Respimat treatment. Data presented as the mean ± standard deviation (range) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: n, number of patients; HH, HandiHaler; VC, vital capacity; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; NA, not applicable; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease.