Figure 3.

A, Patients with insula lesions showed slower adaptation rate ε of the RW model with variable initial norm, while patients with vmPFC lesions had higher ε. B, Estimated trajectory of internal norms. C, Patients with insula lesions, but not vmPFC or BDC patients, showed increased sensitivity to norm prediction error α of the RW model. D, Patients with vmPFC lesions, but not insula or BDC patients, showed decreased initial norm of the RW model. E, No significant group difference was detected for the softmax inverse temperature. F, Normalized Bayesian information criterion scores of RW, FS, and Bayes models: the model with the lowest BIC score has the maximal model evidence; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; n.s, not significant. L, Left; R, right; B, bilateral. Data are represented as mean ± SEM.