Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| NC (n = 40) | BDC (n = 6) | Insula (n = 7) | vmPFC (n = 6) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)* | 48 ± 12 | 42 ± 11 | 42 ± 8 | 54 ± 13 |
| Sex | 21 f/19 m | 2 f/4 m | 4 f/3 m | 3 f/3 m |
| Handedness | 39 R/1 L | 6 R/0 L | 7 R/0 L | 6 R/1 L |
| Education (years) | 11 ± 2 | 12 ± 3 | 13 ± 3 | 9 ± 3 |
| MMSE | 29 ± 2 | 28 ± 2 | 28 ± 2 | 26 ± 3 |
| BDI | 3 ± 4 | 3 ± 4 | 2 ± 1 | 4 ± 4 |
| Chronicity (months)† | — | 22 ± 13 | 18 ± 21 | 15 ± 2 |
| Lesion laterality | — | 3 L/3 R | 4 L/3 R | 3 L/2 R/1 B |
| Lesion size (ml) | — | 42 ± 20 | 32 ± 13 | 112 ± 44 |
L, Left; R, right; B, bilateral; f, female; m, male. MMSE, Mini-Mental Status Exam (Folstein et al., 1975). BDI, Beck Depression Inventory (Knight, 1984). Data are represented as mean ± SD.
* The age at the testing date.
† The time length between surgery date and testing date.