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. 2014 Nov 15;29(2):289–321. doi: 10.1007/s00464-014-3917-8
Level 1A Simulation training improves trainee satisfaction, trainee knowledge, time and process measure of skills, behaviors, compared to no training and to non-simulation training.
Level 1A Computer simulation and box trainers improve operative performance.
Box training is as effective as computer simulation and results in higher learner satisfaction
Level 1B Cognitive training plus mastery learning on box trainers improves patient outcome
Level 2B GOALS-GH is an objective and valid measure of skills required to perform LIHR (TAPP and TEP).
Training on fresh frozen cadaver has higher face validity than training on a VR trainer.