Table 3 .
Adjusted associations of physician implicit racial bias and dichotomized outcomes of participants with SCIa
| Disability on CHART domains |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mobility (N = 158) |
Occupation (N = 152) |
Physical independence (N = 136) |
Social integration (N = 157) |
Current health status (N = 156) |
||||||
| OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | |
| Physician implicit racial bias | 0.38 | (0. 11, 1.35) | 0.61 | (0.20, 1.89) | 2.91 | (0.57, 14.80) | 4.80 | (1.44, 16.04)* | 1.40 | (0.38, 5.16) |
| Participants with SCI | ||||||||||
| Female | 1.68 | (0.64, 4.46) | 0.50 | (0.23, 1.12)† | 0.58 | (0.19, 1.81) | 1.22 | (0.56, 2.69) | 1.24 | (0.49, 3.09) |
| Black race | 1.65 | (0.72, 3.38) | 1.99 | (0.93, 4.25)† | 2.40 | (0.84, 6.82) | 1.88 | (0.95, 3.75)† | 2.74 | (1.23, 6.11)* |
| Years since injury | 0.98 | (0.94, 1.02) | 0.97 | (0.93, 1.00)* | 0.95 | (0.91, 1.00)† | 1.00 | (0.97, 1.03) | 0.96 | (0.91, 1.00)† |
| Level of SCIb | 0.65 | (0.29, 1.43) | 0.58 | (0.28, 1.18) | 0.12 | (0.04, 0.38)* | 0.68 | (0.34, 1.34) | 0.67 | (0.30, 1.51) |
| Number of visits with SCI provider | 1.25 | (1.00, 1.57)* | 1.05 | (0.90, 1.22) | 1.05 | (0.88, 1.27) | 1.06 | (0.92, 1.22) | 1.10 | (0.94, 1.29) |
For CHART domains, 0 = disabled and 1 = not disabled. For current health status, 0 = poor/fair and 1 = good or better. The probability of outcome = 0 (disabled; poor/fair health status) was modeled.
*P < 0.05; †P < 0.10.
aModels clustered by physician and adjusted for the following characteristics of participants with SCI: race, sex, years since SCI, level of SCI, and the number of visits with SCI provider in past year.
bTetraplegia served as the reference category.