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. 2015 Jan 15;4:e04801. doi: 10.7554/eLife.04801

Figure 7. Mitochondria regulate cardiac rhythmicity through a VDAC2-dependent mechanism.

(A) MCU and MICU1 are expressed in the developing zebrafish hearts (arrowhead). (B) Overexpression of MCU is sufficient to restore coordinated cardiac contractions in tre embryos (47.1 ± 1.6% embryos, n = 112 as opposed to 18.3 ± 5.3% of uninjected siblings, n = 64) while this effect is significantly attenuated when co-injected with morpholino antisense oligonucleotide targeted to VDAC2 (27.1 ± 1.9% embryos, n = 135). (C) Suboptimal overexpression of MCU (MCUS) and VDAC2 (VDAC2S) in combination is able to suppress cardiac fibrillation in tre embryos (42.9 ± 2.6% embryos, n = 129). (D) The ability of VDAC2 to restore rhythmic contractions in tre embryos (48.5 ± 3.5% embryos, n = 111) is significantly attenuated when MCU is knocked down by antisense oligonucleotide (MOMCU) (25.6 ± 2.4% embryos, n = 115). (E) Overexpression of MICU1 is sufficient to restore rhythmic cardiac contractions in tre embryos (49.3 ± 3.4% embryos, n = 127 compared to 16.8 ± 1.4% of uninjected siblings, n = 150). This effect is abrogated by VDAC2 knockdown (MOVDAC2, 25.3 ± 5.5% embryos, n = 97). (F) Suboptimal overexpression of MICU1 (MICU1S) and VDAC2 (VDAC2S) in combination is able to restore rhythmic cardiac contractions in tre embryos (48.6 ± 6.0%, n = 106). Error bars represent s.d.; *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.04801.027

Figure 7.

Figure 7—figure supplement 1. Expression of MCU, MICU1 and VDAC2.

Figure 7—figure supplement 1.

In situ hybridization analysis shows that the expression levels of MCU, MICU1 and VDAC2 are comparable between wild type and tre embryos with and without efsevin treatment.