Table 3.
Association between Cluster Scores and Fasting Blood Glucose, Glycemic Hemoglobin, and Fasting Insulin in the Dentate and Edentulous Population
| Orange-Red |
Red-Green |
Yellow-Orange |
Orange-Blue |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| eβ − 1 (95% CI) | eβ − 1 (95% CI) | eβ − 1 (95% CI) | eβ − 1 (95% CI) | |
| Dentate population (n = 5,430) | ||||
| Fasting blood glucose | ||||
| Model 1 | 0.53 (0.27, 0.80) | 0.16 (−0.19, 0.50) | −0.31 (−0.66, 0.05) | −0.97 (−1.42, −0.51) |
| Model 2 | 0.37 (0.09, 0.64) | 0.05 (−0.27, 0.37) | −0.16 (−0.49, 0.17) | −0.71 (−1.18, −0.24) |
| Model 3 | 0.22 (−0.07, 0.51) | 0.10 (−0.23, 0.43) | −0.17 (−0.52, 0.18) | −0.47 (−1.00, 0.06) |
| Model 4 | 0.26 (−0.04, 0.56) | 0.07 (−0.26, 0.39) | −0.12 (−0.48, 0.24) | −0.48 (−1.01, 0.06) |
| HbA1c | ||||
| Model 1 | 0.38 (0.19, 0.57) | 0.10 (−0.10, 0.30) | −0.10 (−0.35, 0.14) | −0.81 (−1.20, −0.44) |
| Model 2 | 0.26 (0.08, 0.44) | 0.02 (−0.15, 0.20) | −0.004 (−0.24, 0.24) | −0.56 (−0.92, −0.20) |
| Model 3 | 0.02 (−0.20, 0.24) | −0.01 (−0.18, 0.17) | 0.12 (−0.11, 0.40) | −0.30 (−0.65, −0.42) |
| Model 4 | 0.01 (−0.21, 0.24) | 0.01 (−0.16, 0.18) | 0.11 (−0.12, 0.35) | −0.37 (−0.73, −0.01) |
| Fasting insulin | ||||
| Model 1 | 1.37 (0.49, 2.26) | 0.86 (0.13, 1.60) | −1.31 (−2.23, −0.38) | −1.58 (−2.93,−0.20) |
| Model 2 | 1.10 (0.22, 2.0) | 0.71 (−0.005, 1.44) | −1.08 (−2.0, −0.16) | −1.30 (−2.67, 0.04) |
| Model 3 | 0.33 (−0.34, 1.0) | 0.85 (0.09, 1.61) | −0.93 (−1.80, −0.06) | −1.01 (−2.26, 0.25) |
| Model 4 | 0.48 (−0.25, 1.21) | 0.70 (−0.18, 1.5) | −0.71 (−1.64, 0.22) | −0.90 (−2.18, 0.40) |
| Edentulous population (n = 1,484) | ||||
| Fasting blood glucose | ||||
| Model 1 | 1.15 (0.49, 1.81) | −0.59 (−1.11,−0.07) | 0.04 (−0.65, 0.74) | 0.06 (−0.63, 0.75) |
| Model 2 | 1.11 (0.47, 1.76) | −0.69 (−1.21,−0.17) | 0.18 (−0.52, 0.87) | 0.14 (−0.54, 0.82) |
| Model 3 | 0.97 (0.45, 1.50) | −0.66 (−1.10,−0.23) | 0.45 (−0.07, 0.97) | 0.11 (−0.50, 0.71) |
| Model 4 | 0.98 (0.46, 1.51) | −0.68 (−1.11,−0.25) | 0.47 (−0.06, 1.00) | 0.13 (−0.48, 0.74) |
| HbA1c | ||||
| Model 1 | 0.59 (0.08, 1.09) | −0.09 (−0.44, 0.25) | −0.12 (−0.64, 0.40) | −0.28 (−0.85, 0.30) |
| Model 2 | 0.57 (0.06, 1.08) | −0.15 (−0.50, 0.21) | −0.05 (−0.57, 0.47) | −0.24 (−0.81, 0.34) |
| Model 3 | 0.38 (−0.04, 0.80) | −0.14 (−0.48, 0.21) | 0.17 (−0.26, 0.60) | −0.30 (−0.81, 0.20) |
| Model 4 | 0.35 (−0.06, 0.77) | −0.07 (−0.40, 0.26) | 0.11 (−0.30, 0.52) | −0.25 (−0.74, 0.24) |
| Fasting insulin | ||||
| Model 1 | 1.52 (−0.60, 3.70) | −0.18 (−2.02, 1.70) | −0.48 (−2.83, 1.93) | 2.93 (0.93, 4.98) |
| Model 2 | 1.67 (−0.46, 3.84) | −0.09 (−1.99, 1.84) | −0.61 (−2.97, 1.82) | 2.88 (0.82, 4.98) |
| Model 3 | 1.07 (−0.45, 2.61) | −0.46 (−1.76, 0.86) | 0.31 (−1.61, 2.26) | 1.11 (−0.81, 3.07) |
| Model 4 | 1.03 (−0.55, 2.62) | −0.43 (−1.77, 0.93) | 0.26 (−1.69, 2.25) | 1.33 (−0.69, 3.39) |
Back-transformed to natural units by exponentiation log transformed estimates. CI, confidence interval. Bold indicates p < .05.
Orange-red: P. melaninogenica, P. intermedia, P. nigrescens, P. gingivalis. Red-green: T. forsythia, T. denticola, A. actinomycetemcomitans, E. corrodens, S. noxia, V. parvula, C. rectus. Yellow-orange: S. intermedius, S. oralis, S. mutans, F. nucleatum, P. micra (previously M. micros), C. ochracea. Orange-blue: E. nodatum, A. naeslundii.
Model 1: Crude association. Model 2: Age and sex adjusted. Model 3: Adjusted further for age, sex, education, race/ethnicity, income:poverty ratio, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, dentist visits, body mass index, and waist circumference. Model 4: Adjusted further for protein intake, carbohydrate intake, total fat, total calories, fiber intake, and dentist visits, including the variables in model 3.