Table 2.
Protein secretion (expressed as mean ± standard deviation) of adipose tissue- (AT-), bone marrow- (BM-) and Wharton’s Jelly-mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSC) when grown in low glucose media supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum
| BM-MSC | AT-MSC | WJ-MSC | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chemokines (pg/10 6 cells/day) | |||
| IP-10 | 0.8 ± 0.3 a | nd | 3.5 ± 0.4 a |
| MCP-1 | 727.5 ± 86.5 a | 336.2 ± 42.2 b | 551.5 ± 51.6 a,b |
| Pro-inflammatory cytokines (pg/10 6 cells/day) | |||
| IL-6 | 46.6 ± 2.8 a | 31.2 ± 4.3 a | 146.0 ± 31.6 b |
| IL-7 | 102.4 ± 57.8 a | 0.13 ± 0.19 a | 0.07 ± 0.10 a |
| IL-8 | 628.3 ± 8.0 a | 63.7 ± 2.7 a | 4,466.3 ± 634.6 b |
| IL-12 | 41.5 ± 7.6 a | 1.6 ± 2.3 a | nd |
| Anti-inflammatory cytokines (pg/10 6 cells/day) | |||
| IL-1ra | 30.00 ± 0.01 a | nd | 205.3 ± 28.7 a |
| Angiogenic factors (pg/10 6 cells/day) | |||
| Angiogenin | 3,054.7 ± 74.2 a | 995.3 ± 34.9 b | 517.9 ± 5.3 c |
| Thrombospondin-2 | 79,967.7 ± 149.8 a | 35,564.0 ± 1,644.6 b | 155,582.9 ± 6,467.8 c |
| PLGF | 102.4 ± 2.1 a | 12.5 ± 1.0 a | nd |
| aFGF | 65.7 ± 12.4 a | 6.9 ± 6.5 b | 14.0 ± 2.6 b |
| VEGF-D | 24.80 ± 0.01 | nd | nd |
| Endostatin | 1,322.3 ± 24.7 a | 1,270.4 ± 21.6 a | 2,343.3 ± 68.7 b |
| Angiopoietin-1 | 129,196.1 ± 8,604.8 b | 12,502.3 ± 405.8 a | 17,114.5 ± 51.9 a |
| VEGF | 3,431.8 ± 180.9 b | 392.4 ± 24.4 a | 3.4 ± 0.8 a |
| Growth factors (pg/10 6 cells/day) | |||
| TGF-β1 | 4,051.7 ± 0.0 a | 1,844.7 ± 205.9 b | 1,622.6 ± 51.1 b |
| TGF-β2 | 178.1 ± 1.1 a | 17.7 ± 3.3 b | 13.7 ± 3.7 b |
| HGF | 268.0 ± 8.4 a,b | 44.8 ± 8.6 a | 314.0 ± 86.6 b |
| G-CSF | nd | nd | 52.6 ± 5.9 |
| PDGF-AA | 7.9 ± 1.5 a | 2.5 ± 4.7 a | 6.9 ± 1.7 a |
| Extracellular matrix proteins (pg/10 6 cells/day) | |||
| Collagen I | 76.6 ± 6.0 a | 313.2 ± 53.0 b | 15.6 ± 0.8 a |
| Collagen II | 2,210.4 ± 911.3 | nd | nd |
| Collagen III | 12,332.2 ± 0.0 a | 17,164.5 ± 689.8 a | 38,914.8 ± 477.9 b |
| Collagen IV | 116.5 ± 2.0 a | 51.9 ± 4.2 b | nd |
| Elastin | 959.3 ± 236.4 a | 300.1 ± 6.5 b | nd |
| Fibronectin | nd | 1.4 ± 1.2 | nd |
| Heparan sulfate | 235.6 ± 111.0 a | 27.5 ± 233.0 a | nd |
| Laminin | 95.5 ± 14.0 a | 42.2 ± 15.2 a | nd |
| Aggrecan | 2.7 ± 0.1 a | 0.2 ± 0.4 a | nd |
| Matrix metalloproteinases (pg/10 6 cells/day) | |||
| MMP1 | 149.6 ± 0.0 a,b | 284.2 ± 11.0 a | 364.0 ± 36.9 b |
| MMP3 | 1,235.1 ± 0.0 a | 17,387.1 ± 3,213.2 b | 684.2 ± 49.9 a |
| MMP7 | 675.6 ± 0.0 a,b | 102.9 ± 26.7 a | 35.5 ± 15.7 b |
| MMP8 | 527.0 ± 152.2 a | nd | 10.6 ± 157.3 b |
| MMP13 | 24,201.6 ± 124.7 a | 22.5 ± 0.0 b | nd |
aFGF: acidic fibroblast growth factor; AT-MSC: adipose tissue-derived MSC; BM-MSC: bone marrow-derived MSC; GCS-F: granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; HGF: hepatocyte growth facctor; IL: interleukin; IP-10: interferon-gamma induced protein 10; MCP-1: monocyte chemotactic protein 1; MMP: metalloproteinase; nd: not determined; PDGF-AA: platelet derived growth factor AA; pg: picogram; PLGF: placental growth factor; TGF: transforming growth factor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; WJ-MSC: Wharton’s Jelly-derived MSC.
Protein concentration is expressed in pg secreted per million cells and per day. ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (α = 0.5, n = 3) were applied for each quantified factor in order to determine significant differences between all three MSC. For a specific protein; different letters (superscript letters a, b and c) mean statistically different expression levels.