Table 2.
Fish grouping and dietary regimen of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) acutely (Exp. 1) or chronically (Exp. 2) exposed to malathion in water and supplemented with 2.5% bee pollen or propolis.
| Class | Fish group | Abbreviation | n | Diet composition before exposure | Dose of malathion | Duration of exposure | Protocol after exposure | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experiment 1 | ||||||||
| Total period of the experiment was 25 days consisted of pre-exposure period (21 days) and exposure period (4 days) | Control (non malathion exposed groups) | Control | C | F = 8, M = 0 | Basal commercial pelleted diet | 0 mg/l (0 ppm) | 96 h | Genoprotective investigation: five fish from each group were investigated through evaluation of chromosomal aberrations, frequency of micronuclei and DNA fragmentation |
| Bee pollen | Gr1 | F = 8, M = 0 | Basal diet with 2.5% bee pollen | 0 mg/l (0 ppm) | 96 h | |||
| Propolis | Gr2 | F = 8, M = 0 | Basal diet with 2.5% Propolis | 0 mg/l (0 ppm) | 96 h | |||
| Exposed (Malathion exposed groups) | Control | Gr3 | F = 8, M = 0 | Basal commercial pelleted diet | 5 mg/l (5 ppm) | 96 h | ||
| Bee pollen | Gr4 | F = 8, M = 0 | Basal diet with 2.5% bee pollen | 5 mg/l (5 ppm) | 96 h | |||
| Propolis | Gr5 | F = 8, M = 0 | Basal diet with 2.5% Propolis | 5 mg/l (5 ppm) | 96 h | |||
| Experiment 2 | ||||||||
| Total period of the experiment was 31 days consisted of pre-exposure period (21 days) and exposure period (10 days) | Control (non malathion exposed groups) | Control | T1 | F = 10, M = 5 | Basal commercial pelleted diet during whole exerimental period | 0 mg/l (0 ppm) | 10 days | 1 – Genoprotective investigation: five females from each group were investigated through evaluation of chromosomal aberrations, frequency of micronuclei and DNA fragmentation 2 – semen analysis: five males from T1, T3, T4, T5 groups were used. 3 – hormonal assay: five males and five females of T1, T3, T4, T5 groups were used |
| Bee pollen | T2 | F = 10, M = 5 | Basal diet with 2.5% bee pollen during whole experimental period | 0 mg/l (0 ppm) | 10 days | |||
| Exposed (Malathion exposed groups) | Control | T3 | F = 10, M = 5 | Basal commercial pelleted diet during whole exerimental period | 1 mg/l (1 ppm) | 10 days | ||
| Bee pollen | T4 | F = 10, M = 5 | Basal diet with 2.5% bee pollen during whole experimental period | 1 mg/l (1 ppm) | 10 days | |||
| Pre-supplemented with bee pollen | T5 | F = 10, M = 5 | Basal diet with 2.5% bee pollen during for 21 days before malathion exposure and re-supplementation with basal diet during exposure period (10 days) | 1 mg/l (1 ppm) | 10 days | |||