Table 2.

Properties, applications, and innovative approaches of nanoadsorbents

Nanoadsorbents	Properties		Applications	Novel approaches
	Positive	Negative
Carbon nanotubes	Highly assessable sorption sides, bactericidal, reusable	High production costs, possibly health risk	Point-of-use, heavily degradable contaminants (pharmaceuticals, antibiotics)	Ultralong carbon nanotubes with extremely high specific salt adsorption
Polymeric nanoadsorbents (dendrimers)	Bifunctional (inner shell adsorbs organics, outer branches adsorb heavy metals), reusable	Complex multistage production process	Removal of organics and heavy metals	Biodegradable, biocompatible, nontoxic bioadsorbent (combination of chitosan and dendrites)
Zeolites	Controlled release of nanosilver, bactericidal	Reduced active surface through immobilization of nanosilver particles	Disinfection processes	Nanozeolites by laser induced fragmentation