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Brain metabolic changes during normal aging. Brain of young individuals is composed of normal type I neurons which are fed with lactate produced by astrocytes from glucose provided by the circulation (YOUNG). In normal aging, a few abnormal type II neurons with mitochondrial instability and dysfunction will appear but the increase in energy demands caused by these neurons can be met by the lactate production of astrocytes (HEALTHY OLD). Glu, Glucose; Lac, Lactate.
