Table 2. Characteristics of study subjects according to the level of blood pressure variability (N = 17,795).
| Blood pressure variability | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Low-BPV | Moderate-BPV | High-BPV | |
| N = 13,425 | N = 3272 | N = 1098 | |
| Age (years) | 61.4 ± 8.6 | 62.5 ± 7.7 | 63.0 ± 7.7 |
| Male | 5239 (39.0%) | 1269 (38.8%) | 399 (36.3%) |
| Systolic BP, first-measure (mmHg) | 125.0 ± 18.0 | 133.5 ± 21.3 | 140.1 ± 26.9 |
| Systolic BP, second-measure (mmHg) | 124.2 ± 17.6 | 128.9 ± 18.8 | 136.7 ± 21.0 |
| Diastolic BP, first-measure (mmHg) | 73.7 ± 11.1 | 77.5 ± 12.4 | 81.7 ± 13.8 |
| Diastolic BP, second-measure (mmHg) | 73.1 ± 10.8 | 76.5 ± 11.6 | 81.3 ± 12.3 |
| Hemoglobin A1ca (%) | 5.63 ± 0.57 | 5.64 ± 0.54 | 5.72 ± 0.69 |
| Glucose-lowering medication | 469 (3.5%) | 120 (3.7%) | 59 (5.4%) |
| HDL cholesterolb (mg/dl) | 64.6 ± 17.7 | 64.0 ± 16.9 | 64.2 ± 17.1 |
| LDL cholesterolb (mg/dl) | 131.9 ± 32.2 | 135.0 ± 32.3 | 137.7 ± 33.2 |
| Triglyceridesb (mg/dl) | 103 (74–150) | 106 (78–150) | 112 (79–163) |
| Lipid-lowering medication | 1464 (10.9%) | 347 (10.6%) | 120 (10.9%) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 81.8 ± 8.7 | 82.2 ± 8.6 | 83.3 ± 9.4 |
| Body mass index | 22.3 ± 3.0 | 22.4 ± 3.0 | 22.8 ± 3.3 |
| eGFRc (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 81.3 ± 17.6 | 80.5 ± 16.9 | 81.3 ± 16.8 |
| Proteinurea | 422 (3.2%) | 123 (3.8%) | 48 (4.4%) |
| Current smoker | 2125 (15.8%) | 479 (14.6%) | 144 (13.1%) |
Abbreviations: BPV, blood pressure variability; BP, blood pressure; ΔSBP, maximum minus minimum systolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate. Data are number (%), mean ± SD, or median (inter quartile range). Low-BPV was defined as ΔSBP ≤ 10 mmHg, moderate-BPV as ΔSBP 11–20 mmHg, and high-BPV as ΔSBP > 20 mmHg.
aExcludes subjects taking glucose-lowering drugs (n = 17,147).
bExcludes subjects taking lipid-lowering drugs (n = 15,861).
cIncludes subjects with data for eGFR (n = 13,374).