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. 2015 Jan 15;5:7801. doi: 10.1038/srep07801

Figure 5. Fe ion irradiation-enhanced precipitation in CG 304L SS.

Figure 5

(a) SAD pattern of unirradiated CG 304L SS shows classical single fcc phase examined along [011] zone axis. (b) SAD pattern of Fe ion irradiated CG 304L SS (along the identical zone axis) displays superlattice diffractions arising from M23C6 precipitates. The d-spacing of precipitates was about three times as large as that of the matrix. (c) Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) image of the irradiated CG SS shows numerous precipitates (M23C6) adjacent to spherical voids. (d) HRTEM micrograph of the {111} phase boundary between matrix and a M23C6 precipitate. (e) Schematic illustration of formation of precipitates in CG sample under irradiation. Interstitial aggregates (IAs) and vacancy aggregates (VAs) are created. IAs can form interstitial loops or precipitates and VAs can form vacancy loops or voids. (f) In irradiated UFG sample, interstitials and vacancies migrate towards the grain boundaries at elevated temperature and thus suppress the formation of IAs, precipitates and voids.