Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jan 15.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Nurs. 2009 Jul-Aug;32(4):335–341. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0b013e3181a52510

Table 3.

Relationships Between Patient Characteristics and Advance Directives (ADs) (n = 381)

Variable With ADs (n = 185)
Without ADs (n = 196)
t2 P
No. (%) No. (%)
Sex 5.56 .018
 Female 92 (50) 121 (62)
 Male 93 (50) 75 (38)
Race 30.53 .000
 White 161 (90) 126 (66)
 African American 18 (10) 65 (34)
Marital status 10.99 .001
 Married 134 (72) 110 (56)
 Not married 51 (28) 86 (44)
Level of education 16.89 .001
 Less than high school 5 (3) 21 (11)
 High school 83 (46) 97 (52)
 College 61 (34) 55 (29)
 Postcollege 30 (17) 14 (8)
Employment status 0.259 .611
 Employed 70 (39) 78 (41)
 Not employed 110 (61) 110 (59)
Income 14.69 .001
 ≤$20,000 24 (14) 52 (28)
 $21,000–$49,999 55 (32) 67 (35)
 ≥$50,000 95 (54) 70 (37)
Cancer stage 2.12 .145
 I and II 48 (31) 61 (38)
 III and IV 109 (69) 98 (62)
History of cancer 11.69 .001
 Yes 35 (19) 14 (7)
 No 147 (81) 178 (93)
Performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) 0.006 .937
 0 and 1 147 (84) 156 (85)
 2 and 3 27 (16) 28 (15)
Age, mean (SD), y 63.4 (11.4) 55.9 (12.3) 6.18 .000