Table 3.
Associations of Brain Pathology and the Rate of Change in Frailty and Cognition (N = 828)*
| Rate of Change in Frailty | Rate of Change in Cognition | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Term | Estimate (SE, p Value) | Term | Estimate (SE, p Value) |
| Rate of change in frailty × Age | 0.002 (0.0006, .006) | Rate of change in cognition × Age | −0.003 (0.0008, <.001) |
| Rate of change in frailty × Sex | 0.009 (0.009, .304) | Rate of change in cognition × Sex | −0.009 (0.012, .461) |
| Rate of change in frailty × Education | −0.003 (0.001, .006) | Rate of change in cognition × Education | 0.001 (0.002, .494) |
| Rate of change in frailty × Macroinfarcts | 0.032 (0.009, p < .001) | Rate of change in cognition × Macroinfarcts | −0.035 (0.012, p = .003) |
| Rate of change in frailty × Microinfarcts | 0.009 (0.009, p = 0.342) | Rate of change in cognition × Microinfarcts | −0.006 (0.012, p = .583) |
| Rate of change in frailty × AD pathology | 0.020 (0.007, p = .004) | Rate of change in cognition × AD pathology | −0.112 (0.009, p < .001) |
| Rate of change in frailty × Nigral neuronal loss | 0.017 (0.005, p < .001) | Rate of change in cognition × Nigral neuronal loss | −0.025 (0.006, p < .001) |
Notes: AD = Alzheimer’s disease.
*Estimated from simultaneous bivariate random coefficient models which included terms for baseline and rate of change in frailty and cognition. To this core model, we added terms to control for demographics (age, sex, and education) and four pathologies and their interactions with the rate of change in cognition and rate of change in frailty. This table only shows the interaction between demographic variables and brain pathologies and the rates of change in cognition and frailty. The other terms included in the model are not shown.